someone please solve this how doi find the mean mass

As a result of an evolutionary cost/benefit analysis of anxiety

Disabilities include anxiety illnesses including OCD, panic disorders, phobias, or PTSD. As a result, they are able to receive Social Security disability benefits. People must demonstrate that their condition is so crippling that it keeps them from working.

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They are referred to as polygenic characteristics. Each gene's allele has a negligible additive influence on the phenotype.

Is an amoeba a virus or bacteria?

Prokaryotes include bacteria. A eukaryote is an amoeba. A few organelles as well as genuine nuclei are absent. Several organelles & nuclei are present in these eukaryotes.

Antibiotics are used in the treatment of amebiasis to eradicate the infection. Whether or not you are experiencing symptoms will determine which antibiotics your doctor recommends. Even if you are symptom-free, you could still require one sort of antibiotic. You might need to use two separate antibiotics if you do exhibit symptoms.

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Lupus and multiple sclerosis results when immune system: responds too strongly and attacks body's own tissues.

MS and lupus are autoimmune diseases caused when immune system attacks their own normal tissues. Myelin coating of nerves is targeted in MS whereas skin, kidneys and other organs are affected in lupus.

Inflammation caused by lupus can affect different body systems including  joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart and lungs.

It is very unlikely to have both MS and lupus but it's common for someone with MS to be incorrectly diagnosed with lupus because of common symptoms.

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The suborganellar structure that will become visible after staining is nucleoid.

In the field of biology, nucleoid can be described as a region inside the prokaryotic cell in which the DNA is present.

The prokaryotes do not have a membrane-bound nucleus like the eukaryotes. Hence, the region where the genetic material of the prokaryotes is present is an irregular shaper structure referred to as the nucleoid.

When DNA is stained with a DNA-binding dye, the suborganellar structure that will become visible will be the nucleoid as it is the region where the DNA is present.

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Minute volume is the term that describes the amount of air moved in each breath multiplied by the respiratory rate.

In the field of biology, minute volume can be described as the approximate measure of the volume of air that is moved in or out of the lungs by a person during a time frame of one minute.

Minute volume is a measure of the approximate air that a person can either inhale or exhale so that the average respiratory rate of a person can be known.

Through the calculations made by minute volume, doctors can decide whether the lungs of a function are working properly or not. If the minute volume is lower than average, then this means that the lungs of the person have been damaged.

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Answer:

It’s D

Explanation:

Answer:

d) Decomposer

Explanation:

Decomposer is the organism that digests the waste and remains of dead producers and consumers. Therefore, the option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer: option a

Explanation: humidity is moisture in the air the hotter the air is the hotter the moisture in the air will be which means it willbe hotter

Cholera spreads via the fecal-oral pathway. The most likely progression of events in the pathogenesis of V. cholera:

The oral-fecal route is how cholera is spread. Since they are susceptible to acid, most vibrio's pass away in the stomach. Virulent organisms that survive may stick to and colonize the small intestine, where they release the strong cholera enterotoxin (CT, also known as "choleragen") that causes cholera. This toxin attaches to the intestinal epithelial cells' plasma membrane and releases an enzyme-active component that increases the generation of cyclic adenosine 51-monophosphate (cAMP). Electrolytes and water are secreted in large quantities into the intestinal lumen as a result of the elevated intracellular cAMP level and cause diarrhea.

1 V. cholerae is ingested via contaminated water.

2 V. cholerae reaches the intestine after surviving transit through the stomach.

3 Cholerae cling to pili.

4 Cholera toxin is produced by V. cholerae.

5 A profuse, watery diarrhea is caused by the destruction of the host intestinal cells.

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The other sperm nucleus fuses with the two polar nuclei, producing the triploid cell, which develops as temporary tissue that nourishes the embryo. This process is called double fertilization. The tissue that nourishes the embryo in gymnosperm seeds is the endosperm.

Of the two sperm cells, one sperm fertilizes the egg cell, forming а diploid zygote; the other sperm fuses with the two polаr nuclei, forming а triploid cell that develops into the endosperm, temporary tissue that nourishes the embryo. Together, these two fertilizаtion events in аngiosperms аre known аs double fertilizаtion. Аfter fertilizаtion is complete, no other sperm cаn enter. The fertilized ovule forms the seed, where the tissues of the ovаry become the fruit, usuаlly enveloping the seed.

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your question was

The other sperm nucleus fuses with the ..., producing the triploid ..., which develops as temporary tissue that nourishes the embryo. This process is called ... fertilization.

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Uncontrolled cell growth is cancer. Gene mutations can increase the pace of cell division or suppress natural mechanisms that keep the body in check, like cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death. A tumor can form as a collection of malignant cells enlarges.

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Insulin binding ultimately increases pancreatic secretion of additional insulin.

Insulin binding to the insulin receptor on osteoblasts stimulates a signalling pathway, causing the release of the chemical OPG by the osteoblasts, which then binds to the nearby osteoclasts. The osteoclasts react by releasing protons (H+), which lowers the pH outside the cell. Osteocalcin, a protein released by osteoblasts in an inactive state, is activated by this low pH.

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To increase the number of acetylcholine receptors best describes the goal of medications used to treat myasthenia gravis.

Myasthenia gravis is a persistent autoimmune, neuromuscular disorder that reasons weak spot withinside the skeletal muscular tissues that worsens after durations of interest and improves after durations of rest. These muscular tissues are chargeable for features concerning respiration and shifting components of the body, such as the palms and legs.

How critical is myasthenia gravis?

The maximum critical headaches of myasthenia gravis is a myasthenia crisis. This is a circumstance of excessive muscle weak spot, especially of the diaphragm and chest muscular tissues that assist respiration. Breathing can also additionally come to be shallow or ineffective.

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In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color, are crossed the white flower percentage will be 25%.

In the given question, the allele for a dominant trait is dominant to the purple flower.

The allele for the dominant flower is- P

The two genotypes for the dominant trait- PP

The allele for the white flower is - p

Therefore genotype for recessive trait- pp

The heterogeneous trait will be: Pp

Gene crossing:

If the cross is made between two white flowers that are between Pp x Pp

              P     p

     P     Pp    Pp

    p      Pp    pp

The probability of a white flower will be 1/4 which means 25%.

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More glucose transporters lead to greater absorption of glucose.

a person's heart rate. For further information, Investigating the Impact of Glucose Carrier Proteins on Glucose Reabsorption. As the number of glucose carriers increased.  The level of glucose was reduced.

When blood sugar (also known as blood glucose) enters the urine, you get glycosuria. Any liquid that travels through your kidneys will normally cause blood sugar to be absorbed back into your blood vessels. When you have glycosuria, your kidneys might not be able to remove enough blood sugar from your urine.

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Homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive are the parent genotypes for pea seed color shown in this Punnett 1-point Square.

The genotypes of both parents must be known in order to create a Punnett square. The alleles of one parent are listed at the top of the table, and those of the other parent is listed on the table's left side. The resulting kid genotypes are produced at the intersection of the parent's alleles.

The genotypes PpYY, PpYy, ppYY, and ppYy are among the options. For a 1:1 ratio of each phenotypic, the first two genotypes would produce plants with purple flowers and yellow peas, whereas the second and third genotypes would produce plants with white flowers and yellow peas.

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Activation is the process through which a proto-oncogene becomes an oncogene. A number of genetic processes, such as transduction and insertional mutagenesis, can activate proto-oncogenes.

They also control the cell cycle & apoptosis, as well as cell development, differentiation, and proliferation. Growth factors, growth factors, signal transducers, transcriptional, apoptotic regulators, and chromatin remodelers are some of the byproducts of oncogenes.

The HER2 gene, which generates the HER2 protein, is an illustration of an oncogene. This protein aids in regulating the growth and division of healthy breast cells. Extra copies of the this gene may result in an overproduction of the HER2 protein, which accelerates cell growth.

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linked genes are located on the same chromosome

Linked genes would be those who reside on the same chromosome. When meiosis occurs, alleles for such genes often segregate collectively unless they could be dispersed through crossing over.

Within the same chromosome could be linked genes. X-linked genes are found on the X chromosome, while genes that are sex-linked have been found on a sex chromosome. Linkage maps that depict the positions of genes across chromosomes are created using the frequency of genome crossing-over.

Genes are referred to as linked once they were located close to one another on the same chromosome. This means that the alleles, as well as gene variants, that are already present on one chromosome would most likely be inherited together.

Therefore, the correct answer will be option (a)

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Answer:

my guess if I remember correctly I think the answer is b

At the end of DNA replication, there should be a total of B. 2 DOUBLE stranded DNA helices. During DNA replication, the DNA double helix unwinds, and each strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand.

DNA replication is a fundamental process in which a cell produces two identical copies of its DNA molecule. It occurs during the cell cycle's synthesis (S) phase, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. The replication process begins with the unwinding of the DNA double helix. An enzyme called helicase unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.

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Answer:

open reading frame

Explanation:

DNA molecule converted to amino acids as stated and has no stop codons = open reading frame

Theories that were obtained while doing research using radioactive isotopes disagree as to whether the [tex]O_{2}[/tex] produced during photosynthesis came from [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (carbon dioxide) or [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] (water).

Most scientists believed that plants produced [tex]O_{2}[/tex] by removing it from [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] in the 1800s. In the 1950s, researchers tested this theory by tracking the fate of oxygen atoms during photosynthesis using the heavy oxygen isotope [tex]^{18}O[/tex].

There was two experiments:

1. A plant exposed to [tex]^{18}O[/tex]-containing carbon dioxide produced no labeled oxygen gas ([tex]^{18}O[/tex] containing).

2. A plant given [tex]^{18}O[/tex] water produced tagged [tex]O_{2}[/tex].

These investigations demonstrated that the [tex]O_{2}[/tex] produced during photosynthesis is derived from [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] rather than [tex]CO_{2}[/tex].

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The whole epithelial populace is replaced about every four to 7 days.

The small gut consists of 3 elements duodenum jejunum and ileum. It enables to similarly digest food popping out of the stomach. It absorbs nutrients and water from meals and makes them to be had to the frame. The small gut is a part of the digestive device. A healthful bowel movement usually consists of frivolously formed, brown stools that are not unfastened, difficult, or painful.

There's no ideal wide variety of epithelial population moves for all and sundry. The common healthy variety is 1-3 bowel movements consistent with day or simply 3 bowel moves per week. The liver is responsible for the manufacturing of most of these clotting factors. a number of those elements require nutrition k for synthesis, and the liver produces bile salts which might be essential for the intestine to soak up this fats-soluble diet.

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Answer:

a quadrupedal mammal who is often called man's best friend

Each pair of sister chromatids moves to the opposing sides of the cell during the mitotic phase known as telophase.

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Edema occurs when fluid leaks into tissue spaces during swelling.

What is edema?

Edema, as mentioned, is the swelling that is caused due to excess fluid in our body’s tissues. It may effect any part of our body, but most commonly is noticed in hands, feet, ankle, etc. Your skin can be stretched due to edema, and the swelling can increase, if not treated on time and cause serious health issues.

There are many causes of edema which include pregnancy, medications, infections and even excess sodium. It is also caused due to congestive heart failure or a block in leg vein.

Therefore, edema is nothing but swelling caused due to excess accumulation of fluid in tissues.

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Amino acids are responsible for the building blocks of protein.

So, the correct option is A.

The components of proteins are called amino acids. A protein is made up of multiple polypeptide chains, each of which is composed of amino acids. Amino acids are the basic units of proteins; they are small organic molecules with an alpha (central) carbon atom linked to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable element termed a side chain.

Two functional groups, an amino group, and a carboxyl group are present in amino acids. The amino acids work together to create a long protein chain called a polypeptide chain, which serves as the building block for proteins. Body protein as well as other vital nitrogen-containing substances like creatine and peptide must be synthesized using amino acids.

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Rubber is made from the Mexican plant known as guayule (Parthenium argentatum). Guayule were bred via artificial selection.

Genetic variation is the diversity in the conventional genetic expression. At the time of meiosis, mutation and recombination result in genetic differences. Mutations are frequently caused by chemical or biological mutagens. Genetic variety is also impacted by random mating between organisms.

Mutation, which can produce completely new alleles in a population, random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which reorders alleles within an organism's progeny, are all possible sources of genetic variation.

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Both of the following events occur during prophase.

In both mitosis and meiosis, the prophase is the initial phase of cell division. When the cell reaches prophase, DNA replication has already started after interphase. The chromosomes condense, the centrosomes shift, the mitotic spindle forms, and the nucleoli begin to degrade. These are the key processes of prophase.

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(b) "Carbon is moving into the air and out of the air at the same time." is what is happening to the carbon in the air around the living things on the mountain.

The carbon cycle is nature's method of recycling carbon atoms, which repeatedly go from the atmosphere into Earth's living things and back into it. The majority of carbon is kept in rocks and sediments; the remainder is kept in the ocean, atmosphere, and living things.

The carbon cycle describes how an ecosystem's biotic and abiotic components exchange this element. For biological systems to survive in the natural world, the carbon cycle is essential. Therefore, the Carbon is simultaneously going into and out of the air (Option B).

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Question correction:

goats are eating grass on a sunny day. What is happening to the carbon in the air around the living things on the mountain? Is carbon moving into the air, moving out of the air, or both?

a. Carbon is only moving into the air; it is not moving out of the air.

b. Carbon is moving into the air and out of the air at the same time.

c. Carbon is not moving into the air; it is only moving out of the air.

d. With this information, there is no way to know for sure.

Social monogamy is uncommon in mammals but prevalent in birds because it is often accompanied by parental care.

Various combinations of societal monogamy, physical monogamy, and genetic monogamous may exist. People do not always marry to maintain social monogamy. A culturally committed relationship is virtually always one that is married.

Toxic monogamy is defined as "monogamy as a cultural force [that] has been perceived and practised in ways that are toxic" by Hillary Berry in the article "Toxic Monogamy Culture." In the media, cultural conventions, and expectations of society, these concepts are frequently glorified or maintained.

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