The hydro power plant transforms one form of energy into another. However, the total amount
of energy of the water stays the same until it enters the turbine.
Explain how this statement is supported by the three column charts above.
*attached is the column charts
Answers
The hydro power plant consists of a (artificial) dam that builds gravitational potential energy, P.E. from natural flowing water sources, by locating the dam along the water path. The stored potential energy, P. is converted into kinetic energy, K.E. as the water falls from the dam, down to the turbines, located at a much lower level according to the following principle of conservation of energy equation;
Total Mechanical Energy, M.E. = The potential energy of the water, P.E. + The kinetic energy of the water, K.E. = Constant
M.E. = P.E. + K.E. = Constant
Where;
P.E. = m·g·h
K.E. = (1/2)·m·v²
m = Mass
g = The acceleration due to gravity
h = The height of the dam
v = The velocity
The charts can be explained as follows;
Given that the potential energy P.E. = m·g·h, we have that the potential energy is directly proportional to the height of the dam, and therefore, at mid height, the potential energy would be half the maximum value, and we have;
At mid height, P.E. = (1/2)·[tex]\mathbf{P.E._{max}}[/tex]
At the top of the dam, the (vertical) velocity of the water = 0, therefore, the kinetic energy = 0
Therefore, at the top of the dam, we get;
M.E. = [tex]P.E._{max}[/tex] + 0 =
M.E. = [tex]\mathbf{P.E._{max}}[/tex]
Similarly, at the bottom of the dam, the height, h = 0, therefore, being proportional to the height, P.E. = 0, and the velocity is maximum, and at the bottom, we have;
M.E. = 0 + [tex]K.E._{max}[/tex]
The first chart, water is halfway down the dam
At the halfway down therefore, we have;
P.E. = (1/2)·[tex]\mathbf{P.E._{max}}[/tex]
M.E. = [tex]P.E._{max}[/tex] = (1/2)·
∴ K.E. = [tex]P.E._{max}[/tex] - (1/2)·
Therefore the first chart, water is halfway down the dam;
Halfway, K.E. = (1/2)·[tex]\mathbf{P.E._{max}}[/tex] = P.E.
∴ K.E. = P.E. as shown on the chart
The second chart, water has reached the turbine
Water reaches the turbine at the bottom, and as explained above, we get;
M.E. = 0 + [tex]K.E._{max}[/tex]
∴ M.E.≈ [tex]K.E._{max}[/tex]
Therefore, when water has reached the turbine at the bottom of the dam, the kinetic energy is approximately proportional to the total mechanical energy as shown in the chart
The third chart, water is at the top of the dam
Here as shown above, we have;
The total mechanical energy, M.E. ≈ [tex]\mathbf{P.E._{max}}[/tex] as shown on the chart
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Related Questions
A physics student stands on a cliff overlooking a lake and decides to throw a softball to her friends in the water below. She throws the softball with a velocity of 23.5 m/s at an angle of 39.5∘ above the horizontal. When the softball leaves her hand, it is 11.5 m above the water. How far does the softball travel horizontally before it hits the water? Neglect any effects of air resistance when calculating the answer.
Answers
Answer:
66.86m
Explanation:
Velocity of ball thrown, u = 23.5 m/s
Initial height of the ball above the water, H = 11.5 m
Angle of projection, θ = 39.5°
Vertical components of veloclty = usinθ
Horizontal components of veloclty = ucosθ
The soft ball hits the water after time 't'
Considering the second equation of motion
S = ut + 1/2at^2........ 1
But since the ball went through motion under gravity ( free fall ) rather than linear motion, then equation 1 can be rewritten as:
H = ut +/- 1/2gt^2
H = - 11.5m
U = usinθ
θ = 39.5°
a = -g = -9.8m/s^2
- 11.5m = 23.5(sin39.5°)t + 1/2(-9.8)t^2
-11.5m = 23.5(0.6360)t - 4.9t^2
-11.5m = 14.946t - 4.9t^2
4.9t^2 -14.946t-11.5m = 0
Since the ball drifted horizontally
D = (Ucosθ)t
Where θ = 39.5°
U = 23.5m/s t=
Alternatively,
horizontal component of the velocity is 23.5 cos 39.5º = 18.1331 m/s
now how long does it take the ball to raise to a peak and fall to the water.
vertical component of velocity = 23.5 sin 39.5º = 14.947m/s
time to reach peak t = v/g = 11.947/9.8 = 1.5252 sec
peak reached above cliff top is
h = ½gt² = ½(9.8)(1.5252)²
= ½×22.797
= 11.3985m
now the ball has to fall 11.3985+ 11.5 = 22.8985m
time to fall from that height is
t = √(2h/g) = √(2• 22.8986/9.8) = 2.1617 sec
add up the two times to get time it is in the air, 2.1617 + 1.5252 = 3.6869
now haw far does the ball travel horizontally in that time
d = vt = 18.1331 ×3.6869= 66.856m
= 66.86m
A projectile has a range of 60 m and can reach a maximum height of 15 m. Calculate the angle at which projectile is fired? ( g = 10m/s2 )
Answers
Answer:
The angle the projectile was fired is [tex]45^o[/tex]
Explanation:
Recall the formulas for maximum height and ranges for a projectile fired with initial velocity "v" at an angle [tex]\theta[/tex]:
[tex]h = \frac{v^2\,sin^2(\theta)}{2\,g}\\R=\frac{v^2\,sin(2\,\theta)}{g}[/tex]
we can use them to solve for the angle by first isolating the value [tex]v^2[/tex] which is common in both equations:
[tex]v^2=2\,h\,g/sin^2(\theta)=2\,(15)\,g/sin^2(\theta)=30\,(g)/sin^2(\theta) \\ \\v^2=R\,g/sin(2\,\theta)=60\,(g)/sin(2\,\theta)[/tex]
and now, making those to expressions equal and using the formula for the sine of a double angle, we get:
[tex]\frac{30\,(9.8)}{sin^2(\theta)} =\frac{60\,(g)}{sin(2\,\theta)} \\30\,(g)\,sin(2\,\theta)=60\,(g)\,sin^2(\theta)\\sin(2\,\theta)=2\,sin^2(\theta)\\2\,sin(\theta)\,cos(\theta)=2\,sin(\theta)\,sin(\theta)\\cos(\theta)=sin(\theta)[/tex]
This happens when [tex]\theta=45^o[/tex]
Read the article, "Does Science Never Absolutely Prove Anything?" Then consider the theory of evolution. Do you consider the theory of evolution proven, evolving, or borderline science? Support your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Evolution/Advancement on the off chance that you see,then you will find this is a definitive revelation of science.It demonstrated that how people came into the world.How different creatures endure and from where they have hit on where they are today.All such things are the piece of development process.
New things advanced consistently from the past one and its a slow process.For anything to sprout you need a seed.As per the scientist,evolution is a reality and it is a steady procedure and it is happening.There are scarcely any situations where in the old harvest can yield new assortment as well.This is something many refer to as advancement only.Its a ceaseless process.Whatever comes,it accompanies certain misstep or zones of improvement,so if there happens to be a few changes would prompt improvement of new thing.
In the event that you see at an early stage,worms were available ,from where the fish came,then some went ahead land and began adjusting the progressions require to make due on land,started strolling on legs,developed lungs,then likewise there were advancement of the considerable number of things require to proceed with the life.All are the piece of development as it were.
hence,Darwin said,that natural selection can prompt evolution.This is likewise evident that so as to address the issue of food and nutrition,everybody works and as long as you get those needs,there will be development in all aspects.Similarly happened to the antiquated occasions when advancement occurred.
Hence,The development is truth and is a continuous procedure according to the science.When you go to demonstrate some case,there are consistently a point from where new methodology can be shaped and can prompt another disclosure.
If we consider the theory of evolution then we can say that it’s a proven theory, the reason people says that scientists don’t prove anything is because of the fact that they always implement “Precautionary principle” in their research finding.
Answer:
.
Explanation:
a body weighs 100newtons and 80newtons when submerged in water.calculate the upthrust action on the body
Answers
Answer:
20 N
Explanation:
In air, the normal force is equal to the weight.
∑F = ma
N − mg = 0
N = mg
Submerged in water, the normal force is equal to the weight minus the buoyant force:
∑F = ma
B + N − mg = 0
N = mg − B
Plugging in values:
80 N = 100 N − B
B = 20 N
if you drop a rock with a density of 1.73 grams will it float or sink
Answers
Answer:
the rock will sink. this is because it is more dense than water
Answer:it will sink
Explanation:
because the density of water is 1g and the rock is heavier the the density of water
List two factors that compression force depends on
Answers
The magnitude (size or numerical value) and the direction.
Hope this helps!!! :)
Pls help! If you know the answer
Answers
Answer:
-40
Explanation:
-40= (9/5)(-40) + 32
=-72 + 32
-40=-40
what do you mean by scattering of light
Answers
Answer:
Scattering of light is the phenomenon in which light rays get deviated from its straight path on striking an obstacle like dust or gas molecules, water vapours etc. Scattering of light gives rise to many spectacular phenomena such as Tyndall effect and the “red hues of sunrise and sunset”.
Part B After producing electricity in many different ways, describe what causes electricity to flow in the coil? In your response, describe the types of forces acting on the electrons and how they result in movement.
Answers
Explanation:
If a coil of wire is placed in a changing magnetic field, a current will be induced in the wire. ... A changing magnetic field through a coil of wire therefore must induce an emf in the coil which in turn causes current to flow.
Due to the flow of the current run, the coil magnetic field is produced. Magnetic fields result in magnetic force.
What is electric force?The electric force between the two charges is directly propotional to the product of the charge and inversly propotional to the square of the distance between them.
A current will be generated in a wire coil if it is put in a changing magnetic field. As a result, a changing magnetic field through a coil of wire must create an emf in the coil, causing the current to flow.
A current is induced in a coil of wire when it is put in a changing magnetic field. Something generates an electric field that drives the charges around the wire, causing the current to flow.
Hence due to the flow of the current in the coil magnetic field is produced.
To learn more about the electric force refer to the link;
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In order to find the resultant of two vectors we must use the pythagoran therom, a +b2-2. Where the crepresents the resultant vector
Answers
Answer:
Furthermore, the Pythagorean theorem works when the two added vectors are at right angles to one another - such as for adding a north vector and an east vector.
While driving on a highway, your HMMWV starts to pull to one side. You stop and check your tires – one tire is going flat. There is no spare, but the affected tire has a runflat device installed, and you are only 5 miles from the motor pool. What is your maximum allowable speed when driving with one flat tire?
Answers
Answer:
30 miles people hour (mph)
Explanation:
The maximum speed for one flat tyre is 30mph, for both tyres it is 20 mph and for two tyres on the same side it is 30mph. When a tyre is punctured driving at high speed should be avoided and not too long distance should be covered to avoid further accident and for the safety of other vehicles. Speed limit and distance for flat tires should be strictly followed.
what is metel and non metel ?
Answers
Answer:
Metals (like copper and aluminium) are good conductors of heat and electricity, while nonmetals (such as phosphorus and sulfur) are insulators.
Explanation:
i don't really have one i just know
Answer:
1 of them is metel and one is not
Explanation:
state three effects of malnutrition in farm animals
Answers
Answer:
Cows,Pigs,Chicken. They are always in farm
what is measurement?
Answers
Answer:
The comparison of unknown quantity with known quantity is called measurement
Answer:
the size, length or amount of something is a measurement.
Explanation:
Measurements help in daily life and are important to development, accuracy and making decisions.
A car accelerate uniformly from rest at 5m/s2 . Determine it's speed after 10s
Answers
Answer:
50m/s.
Explanation:
Let's take acceleration as A and speed as S:
A = 5m/s²
S = A × 10s = 5 × 10 = 50m/s
The answer is 50m/s.
Answer:
50m/s
Explanation:
Given:
a=5m/s^2
t=10s
Required:
v=?
Formula:
a=v/t
Solution:
a=v/t
v=a*t
v=5m/s^2*10s
v=50m/s
Hope this helps ;)❤❤❤
how many significant figures 216 m
Answers
Answer:
Three
Explanation:
I hope this helps:)
The model of the atom has changed as scientists have gathered new evidence. Four models of the atom are shown below, but one important model is missing. An image at left with overlapping red and blue balls in the center with a circular fuzzy green cloud outside them. An image at center left with a purple ball in the center surrounded by overlapping concentric black ovals, each with a small green ball on each of the 6 ovals. An image at center right with a large black cross in a purple circle with a black line around the purple, with 10 small green balls dispersed within the purple circle. An image at right with a purple center outlined in black with two concentric black circles around the center, the inner circle having 2 small green balls on it and the outer circle having 8 small green balls on it. Which atomic model is missing from this set? Bohr’s model Dalton’s model Rutherford’s model Thomson’s model
Answers
Answer:
Thomson’s model
Explanation:
Thompson regarded the atom largely as a sphere of positively charged matter in which negative charges were embedded.
This came to be known as the plum pudding model of the atom because it resembles a pudding studded with currants.
This was an early model of the atom and did not survive further experimental scrutiny of the structure of the atom.
Answer:
Thompsons model
Explanation:
i got it right on the quiz
Most cars have a coolant reservoir to catch radiator fluid that may overflow when the engine is hot. A radiator is made of copper and is filled to its 21.1 L capacity when at 12.2°C. What volume of radiator fluid (in L) will overflow when the radiator and fluid reach a temperature of 95.0°C, given that the fluid's volume coefficient of expansion is β = 400 ✕ 10−6/°C? (Your answer will be a conservative estimate, as most car radiators have operating temperatures greater than 95.0°C).
Answers
Answer:
0.699 L of the fluid will overflow
Explanation:
We know that the change in volume ΔV = V₀β(T₂ - T₁) where V₀ = volume of radiator = 21.1 L, β = coefficient of volume expansion of fluid = 400 × 10⁻⁶/°C
and T₁ = initial temperature of radiator = 12.2°C and T₂ = final temperature of radiator = 95.0°C
Substituting these values into the equation, we have
ΔV = V₀β(T₂ - T₁)
= 21.1 L × 400 × 10⁻⁶/°C × (95.0°C - 12.2°C)
= 21.1 L × 400 × 10⁻⁶/°C × 82.8°C = 698832 × 10⁻⁶ L
= 0.698832 L
≅ 0.699 L = 0.7 L to the nearest tenth litre
So, 0.699 L of the fluid will overflow
The temperature of air changes from 0 to 10°C while its velocity changes from zero to a final velocity, and its elevation changes from zero to a final elevation. At which values of final air velocity and final elevation will the internal, kinetic, and potential energy changes be equal?
Answers
Answer:
Final velocity = 119.83 m/s
Final elevation = 731.9 m
Explanation:
We are told that temperature of air changes from 0 to 10°C
Thus;
Change in temperature; ΔT = 10 - 0 = 10°C
Also, its velocity changes from zero to a final velocity. Thus;
v1 = 0 m/s
v2 is unknown
Also, its elevation changes from zero to a final elevation.
So, z1 = 0 and z2 is unknown
Now, we want to find v2 and z2 when the internal, kinetic and potential energy are equal.
Thus Equating the formula for both kinetic and internal energy gives;
½m(v2² - v1²) = mc_v•ΔT
m will cancel out and v1 is zero to give;
v2² = 2c_v•ΔT
v2 = √(2c_v•ΔT)
Where c_v is specific heat of constant volume of air with a constant value of 718 J/Kg.K
Thus;
v2 = √(2 × 718 × 10)
v2 = √14360
v2 = 119.83 m/s
To find z2, we will equate potential energy formula to that of the internal energy.
Thus;
mg(z2 - z1) = mc_v•ΔT
m will cancel out and since z1 is zero, then we have;
z2 = (c_v•ΔT)/g
z2 = 718 × 10/9.81
z2 = 731.9 m
How many minutes does it take for light to go from the sun to the planet Uranus, a distance of 2.88x109 km? (The
velocity of light is constant in free space and is 3.00x108 m/s)
Answers
Answer:
t = 160 minutes
Explanation:
Given that,
Distance of Uranus from Sun is [tex]2.88\times 10^9\ km[/tex]
We need to find the time taken by the light to go from sun to Uranus if the velocity of light is constant in free space and it is equal to c.
So,
[tex]t=\dfrac{d}{v}\\\\t=\dfrac{2.88\times 10^9\times 10^3\ m}{3\times 10^8}\\\\t=9600\ s[/tex]
Since, 1 minute = 60 seconds
t = 160 minutes
So, 160 minutes is taken by the light.
balloon moves backward when air rushes out of it why
Answers
Answer:
Because the air can move out of the balloon at such a speed, it propells the balloon forward.
Explanation:
SmolFox no longer exists
~Chad~
The action of the balloon pushes against the balloon moving it in the backward direction
What is newton's third law of motion ?Newton's third law of motion states that every action have a equal and opposite reaction . If object A exert force on object B , then object B will also exert an equal and opposite force on object A . Forces result from interaction of two bodies .
As we know according to Newton's third law of motion , when the air rushes out and pushes against the air which pushes the balloon to move in opposite direction , the action of the balloon pushes against the balloon moving it in the backward direction
learn more about Newton's third law of motion
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Which statement best describes semi-conductors? Lack free electrons that can move to other atoms Electrons within their atoms are strongly held by the nuclei Most electrons within their atoms are paired Electricity can flow through it under special conditions
Answers
Answer:
Option D (Electricity can flow through it under special conditions ) seems to be the correct choice.
Explanation:
A semiconductor has become a crystal substance with improved electrochemical properties although the temperature is increased. That would be to say, it often functions as an insulating material rather than as a conductor or a circuit. Chemical solvents could perhaps greatly enhance its conducting capacity.Other options that are provided are not related to the given theory. So that the above would be the correct choice.
Statement "Lack free electrons that can move to other atoms " describe semi-conductor.
Properties of Semiconductor:A semiconductor is a type of crystalline solid that is halfway between a conductor and an insulator in terms of electrical conductivity. A semiconductor is conducting in nature because it has free electrons and holes.So that, Lack free electrons that can move to other atoms.Learn more about the Semiconductor here:
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The rate of chage of displacement is called __________
Answers
Answer:
Velocity is the rate of change of displacement.
What happens when a sound wave passes from oil into air? A. the sound wave slows down and bounces back B. the sound wave slows down and bends C. the sound wave speeds up and bounces back D. the sound wave speeds up and bends
Answers
Oil is optically denser than water. When sound/light goes from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium, their velocity increase and they moves away for normal.
Appropriate Answer:The sound wave speeds up and bends
[tex] \Large{ \underline{ \boxed{ \pink{ \bf{Option \: (D)}}}}}[/tex]
As, In optics we learnt that light undergoes refraction when travels from medium of different densities. Similarly, Sound also follows the law of refraction.
It is due to the change of speed of water in different mediums, This makes it speed up or down depending upon the medium and their densities.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
Answer:
the sound wave slows down and bends
Explanation:
a p e x
The particles of a GAS within a closed container will collide with the container walls, exerting a FORCE. The force per unit of AREA is known as what?
Answers
Answer:
Pressure
Explanation:
One of the theories propounded by the Kinetic molecular theory, and which also provides an explanation of the several gas laws, is the statement that the gas molecules in a container, travel in straight lines and are in constant collision with themselves and the walls of the container, thus exerting force. This force is the pressure which is defined as the force per unit area.
There is no loss of energy in the collisions involving the gas molecules and that is why their movement can be described as elastic. The descriptions of the behavior of gas molecules in the Kinetic Molecular Theory, give rise to Charles law, Boyle's Law, Avogadro's Laws, Dalton's Law, and Amonton's Law.
Answer:
The pressure
Explanation:
Molecules of gases are constantly in motion, colliding with the walls of their container. This constant collision impacts force on the walls of the container, which depends on the speed with which the molecules are moving. The speed with which these molecules travel depends on the average kinetic energy of the molecules, which is proportional to the temperature.
This force when exerted per unit area is the pressure the gases exert on the walls of the container.
does fire have ways to protect itself from changes in the environment
Answers
Answer:
I think no because the critical properties distinguishing life is adaptation to changing environment and self replication of the information encoding the life process. Fire does not change its process to adapt to its environment, e.g. moving toward more fuel or storing and conserving fuel when it is in short supply.
Hope this help you!:)
7. Calculate the force applied on an object if the Pressure exerted is 90 Pascal over an area of 900 cm2.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation: pressure = force / area
Rearrange to get: force = pressure x area. 900 cm2 = 0.09 m2
force = 90 x 0.09
= 8.1 N
what is the frequency and wavelength of a remote control? PLEASE HURRY
Answers
Answer:
940 nanometers wavelength, and about an 300 mHz - 400 gHz frequency
Teenagers
when they should stop drinking.
A. tend to know
B. have difficulty bypowing
C. ignore
Answers
Which statement accurately describes dark matter?
Answers
Answer:
Dark matter is the term astronomers use to describe material in the universe that does not emit or reflect light and is, therefore, invisible.
Explanation:
Stars, nebulae, and galaxies are examples of luminous objects in the sky. However, luminous matter appears to make up only a small fraction of all the matter in the universe, perhaps only up to 10 percent.