Early hominins walked on two legs is the answer.
Laetoli's footprint provides a clear snapshot of early Hominini bipedalism with slightly but significantly different limb postures. These data support the hypothesis that significant evolutionary changes in Hominini bipedalism occurred 36 million years ago.
Laetoli is a prehistoric site in the Enduleni district of the Ngorongoro district in the Arusha region of Tanzania. The site dates from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene and is famous for its Hominini footprints preserved in volcanic ash. The location of Laetoli's footprints is 45 km south of the Olduvai Gorge.
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Because we view the world through a subjective lens influenced by a number of variables, perception is considered:________
Because we view the world through a subjective lens influenced by a number of variables, perception is considered inaccurate.
What is perception?Perception is an outcome of a given stimuli, which is subjective because it depends on how an organism senses its surrounding environment.
Perception is also subjective because environmental inputs can influence the brain and senses in distinct modes according to how an individual relates to his/her physical world.
This phenomenon (perception) is also inaccurate because responses are different in distinct organisms for the same environmental input.
In conclusion, because we view the world through a subjective lens influenced by a number of variables, perception is considered inaccurate.
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Most water is lost daily via the:_______
a. colon.
b. kidneys.
c. lungs.
d. skin.
Answer:
B. Kidneys
How does drinking water affect the kidneys?
Most individuals are aware that our bodies need water to function. Our bodies are actually made up of about 70% water. Water facilitates all bodily processes, whether it be the brain, which directs all bodily movements, the blood, which carries oxygen and nutrients, or even the muscles, which maintain our bones sound and erect. Water is the element that is most essential to human survival, as even our predecessors understood.
Even though they include largely water, other drinks including fruit juice, tea, coffee, and carbonated drinks shouldn't be confused with water. For proper hydration, doctors advise us to consume 13 glasses of water each day. Abdominal discomfort, motion sickness, constipation, diarrhea, and a number of other health problems can result from not drinking enough water. In order to maintain proper body processes, water is essential.
Reasons for drinking water
For your kidneys to effectively remove toxins from your body, you need to drink enough water. Water is necessary for the liver and kidneys to remove poisonous waste from the body. Urine is the bodily waste substance that is expelled from the body.Water facilitates regular bowel motions inside the intestines. Drink enough water to avoid constipation, indigestion, and other digestive issues.Increased water consumption might assist you avoid consuming extra calories. It keeps your hunger in check, makes you feel full, and encourages you to eat just little amounts of food, which helps to maintain a healthy physique. Many diet plans recommend increasing your water intake as a deliberate weight reduction strategy. A body that is properly hydrated can metabolize fats and carbs quickly.Drinking enough water helps to maintain the delicate balance of body fluids. The body's ability to absorb and assimilate nutrients depends heavily on water. Blood is made mostly of water in about 82 percent of cases. Drinking enough water each day contributes to keeping your blood viscosity at the right level.Water makes the skin look fresh and smooth. A hydrated body usually has soft and healthy skin. Dehydration leads to anxiety and nervous tension. It can also impair concentration and lead to mood swings, thus lowering the brain functions. Keeping yourself hydrated boosts memory, keeps you active, increases concentration and improves mood.Water regulates your body temperature by maintaining the fluid levels in the body. It flushes out excess heat from the body in the form of sweat. This helps to maintain proper body temperature.A body of water with a mountain range in the background. the landform pictured here is most commonly formed at what type of plate boundary?
The landform pictured here is most commonly formed by the convergent boundary.
What is the convergent boundary?A convergent boundary (also known as a destructive boundary) is a section of the Earth's surface where two or more lithospheric plates collide. Subduction is the process through which one plate moves beneath the other. The Wadati-Benioff zone, a plane where many earthquakes occur, defines the subduction zone. These collisions occur on timescales ranging from millions to tens of millions of years and can result in volcanism, earthquakes, orogenesis, lithosphere damage, and deformation. Convergent borders occur between the oceanic and continental lithospheres, as well as the oceanic and continental lithospheres. The geologic features associated with convergent boundaries differ depending on the type of crust.Therefore, the landform pictured here is most commonly formed by the convergent boundary.
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Answer:
Covergent Boundary
Explanation:
What is the process that ensures mitral and tricuspid valve closure after the ventricles are filled with blood?
Diastole is the process that ensures mitral and tricuspid valve closure after the ventricles are filled with blood.
Cardiac cycle events can be divided into diastole and systole. Diastole represents ventricular filling, and systole represents ventricular contraction/ejection. Systole and diastole occur in both the right and left heart, though with very different pressures.
Diastole begins with the closing of the aortic valve (or pulmonic) and ends with the closing of the mitral valve (or tricuspid). This period encompasses the ventricular relaxation and filling.
Diastole represents when the blood vessels return blood to the heart in preparation for the next ventricular contraction.
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witch best illustrates a result of natural selection?
A result of natural selection is D) giraffes having increasingly more extended necks over time. Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism that was offered by Darwin.
According to this mechanism, organisms that are better skilled of adapting to their changing environmental conditions, survive and grow their number through reproduction whereas other are stopped from the population.
Who discovered natural selection?
The theory of natural selection was studied by 19th-century naturalist Charles Darwin. Natural selection describes how genetic traits of a species may change over time.
What is natural selection and example?Natural selection is the process in nature by which organisms better adapted to their environment manage to persist and reproduce more than those less adapted to their environment. For example, treefrogs are sometimes consumed by snakes and birds.
correct question shown below,
Which best illustrates a result of natural selection?
A) a bat that is born with a wing that is missing the web
B) dark-colored hares living in a snowy area
C) mosquitoes that transmit disease to humans
D) giraffes having increasingly longer necks over time
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I WILL MARK U BRAINLIEST IF U ANSWER THIS QUESTION!!
Where is the frog's heart compared to its lungs? How do the locations of these organs affect interactions between the frog's respiratory and circulatory systems?
A frog's heart is situated in the chest, next to the lungs. The frog's heart is connected to a pair of sac-like organs called the lungs, which aid in breathing. Blood that is rich in oxygen is pumped from the lungs to the rest of the body by the heart.
What is anatomy?Anatomy is a branch of biology that focuses on identifying and describing the physical characteristics of living creatures.
A frog's respiratory system has three alternative pathways for oxygen to enter the body: through the skin, the lungs, and an unique mouth lining.
The circulatory system is connected to each of these respiratory surfaces, allowing the blood to be oxygenated.
The heart of a frog is located near to the lungs in the chest. The lungs of the frog are a pair of sac-like organs that help with breathing and are connected to the heart. The heart pumps oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Thus, this way, the locations of these organs affect interactions between the frog's respiratory and circulatory systems.
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PLSSS HELP I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST I TRULY NEED HELP IM GONNA FAIL
You are an anthropologist analyzing bone remains from the grave of an ancient female human. Within one of the bones, you find an unusually high concentration of collagen. What does this suggest about the ancient female? (2 points)
She broke a bone and then died before it was fully healed.
She broke a bone and then died a few hours later.
She broke a bone at a very young age, but it fully healed.
She broke a bone at a very young age, but it did not fully heal.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Root Tissues
Identify the root tissues. Record your answer under "Slide 5" on your lab report.
Answer:
The tissue must be C as b is the cortex and a is both xylem and phloem.
Hope this helped! :)
The tissue is C because B is the cortex and A is xylem and phloem.
PLease tell me if I am wrong!
Which season will the northern hemisphere experience when the axis of earth is tilted towards the sun
The summer season will be experienced by northern hemisphere when the axis of earth is tilted towards the sun.
What is Summer?This season is usually the hottest and it experiences more daylight hours than dark hours.
The hot atmospheric condition is as a result of the earth facing the sun thereby increasing its exposure to heat from it.
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The hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to?
The hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to duodenal pH changes
What are hormones?Hormones can be defined as those chemical substances or messangers which are produced by the endocrine glands and are released to the sites where they are needed in the body.
Below are examples of some hormones:
AdrenalineAldosteroneInsulinGlucagonAntidiuretic hormoneSo therefore, the hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to low duodenal pH changes
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Newly formed B cells which bind to autoantigens (self-antigens) will undergo apoptosis. This process is known as:
I Don't No if you have any questions
The end products of digestion of carbohydrates are ________
Answer:
glucose, fructose and/or galactose
20 points PLEASE HELP! URGENT!!! Filtering relies in part on blood pressure. Your kidneys filter about 180 liters of blood each day. If you have about 5 liters of blood, how many times per day does your blood get filtered? Show your work
Filtering relies in part of blood pressure. Your kidneys filter about 180 litres of blood each day. If you have about 5 litres of blood then it will get filtered 36 times.
Your kidneys are each composed of a million nephrons, that are filtering units. Each nephron includes a filter, termed the glomerulus, and a tubule. The glomerulus filters your bloodstream, and the tubule provides essential elements to your blood while removing waste. This is how the nephrons function.
The pace at which kidneys filter blood is called the glomerular filtration rate. The blood pressure that enters the glomerulus serves as the primary driving force for the filtering procedure, or outward pressure.
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Find the surface area
the surface area of a figure in square units is the number of unit square it takes to cover entire surface without the gas or overlapse if three dimensional figure has + sides the sides called faces the surface area is the total of the area of the faces
blood vessel with the largest lumen
A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart is called a vein. Veins have thin walls and larger, more erratic lumens than arteries.
Where are blood vessels found in your body?Blood is delivered to human tissues by arteries, which act as conduits or channels. Two tube-like closed systems of vessels start and stop at heart. The pulmonary arteries are a single system that carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium.Blood vessels and heart vessels make up your circulatory system. About 60,000 miles of blood arteries make up your body.Blood is carried through blood arteries throughout the body. The blood is brought back to the heart by veins. Body cells and tissues are surrounded by capillaries that transport and absorb nutrition, oxygen, and other chemicals.Blood vessels are the channels or conduits through which blood is distributed to body tissues.The arteries (red) carry oxygen and nutrients away from your heart to your body's tissues. The veins (blue) take oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. Arteries begin with the aorta, the large artery leaving the heart. They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues.To learn more about blood vessels, refer to:
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Arteries have thick walls comprised of three distinct layers (tunica) Veins have thin walls but generally have wider lumen (lumen size may vary depending on specific artery or vein)
A vein is a blood vessel that executes blood toward the heart. Compared to arteries, veins are thin-walled vessels with large and varying lumens
Which blood vessel is the biggest?the aorta
The largest artery is the aorta, the main high-pressure pipeline related to the heart's left ventricle. The aorta branches into a network of smaller arteries that extend throughout the body. The arteries' shorter branches are called arterioles and capillaries.
What are large lumen veins?Veins bring unoxygenated blood towards the heart, away from tissues at low pressure so the lumen is immense. Blood carries more slower and often against gravity so valves and a larger lumen ensure it is still fascinated efficiently. Capillaries have the smallest lumen but relative to their size the lumen is quite big.
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Do you think the responses from the Sympathetic Nervous System, or the Parasympathetic Nervous System, have had a greater influence on human evolution
What is human nervous system?
The human nervous system is divided into two parts,1. The Central Neural System(CNS)
2. The Peripheral Neural System(PNS)
The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord and is the site ofinformation processing and control. The PNS comprises of all the nerves of the body associated with the CNS i.e., brain and spinal cord.The nerve fibres of the PNS are of two types :1. Afferent fibres
2. Efferent fibres
The PNS is divided into two divisions called;a. Somatic neural system
b. Autonomic neural system
The somatic neural system relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles while the autonomic neural system transmits impulses from the CNS to the involuntary organs and smooth muscles of the body. The autonomic neural system is further classified as;(i) Sympathetic neural system
(ii) Parasympathetic neural system
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?
Hemophilia is a sex–linked disorder that is caused by a defective gene on the X chromosome. What will be the pattern of inheritance of the offspring of a hemophiliac father?
The pattern of inheritance of the offspring of a hemophiliac father would be heterozygous.
What is Hemophilia?Hemophilia is defined as the sex–linked disorder that occurs due to an abnormality of the X chromosome.
A father that has hemophilia would be affected only on his X chromosome and can only pass it to their children making them carries.
This is because the children would inherit only one X chromosome from their father and a healthy X chromosome from their mother.
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Identify the four phases in the life cycle of a cell and place the events in order, starting with events that occur immediately after the cell was born.
The four phases in the life cycle of a cell and place the events in order, starting with events that occur immediately after the cell was born are:
The first gap (G1)The synthesis (S)The second gap (G2)MWhat is a cell?A cell can be defined as simplest, basic, functional and structural unit of life
In conclusion, the four phases in the life cycle of a cell and place the events in order, starting with events that occur immediately after the cell was born are:
first gap (G1), synthesis (S) scond gap (G2) and M
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Ms. C has recently received a heart transplant. Unfortunately, she is producing large quantities of antibodies against antigens in the donor heart. From what is Ms. C suffering
Answer: she is suffering from something called rejection syndrome
Explanation:
hope this helped a bit
A procedure that increases the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus is called a(n):_______
A procedure that increases the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus is called Establishing operation.
Any stimulus that will increase the chance that a preceding behavior will arise again. Satisfies a biological need and works clearly, no matter someone's previous enjoy.
Stimulus that will become reinforcing because of its affiliation with a number one reinforcer. Aversives are unpleasant stimuli that result in adjustments in behavior via negative reinforcement or effective punishment. by using applying an aversive right now earlier than or after a behavior the likelihood of the target conduct going on in the destiny is reduced.
Stimulus is some thing that makes an organism or part of an organism react in some way. for example, for maximum vegetation, daylight acts as a stimulus that reasons stimulates them to grow or pass toward it.
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A procedure that increases the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus is called Abolishing Operation.
Abolishing Operation is to describe events that decrease the punishing effectiveness of a consequence and change the frequency of the future related to that particular consequence.
It is a type of motivating operation that is responsible in making stimulus more desirable. Many unconditioned abolishing operations are identified in humans.
Example: Satiation of sleep, activity, food, Cold and warmth.
Aversiveness tends to avoid or punish stimulus.
Appetitive stimulus is an unconditioned stimulus that can be modified by deprivation.
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A new animal is discovered that is more sensitive to pain in its toes than its fingers. If we were to examine the brain of this animal we would notice that ________.
A new animal is discovered that is more sensitive to pain in its toes than its fingers. If we were to examine the brain of this animal we would notice that the parietal lobe would have more brain area devoted to the toes than the fingers.
What is the parietal lobe's primary purpose?The parietal lobe is one of the major lobes in the brain, roughly located at the upper back area of the skull.It is found on both the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.
Somatosensory information from the body, such as touch, pain, temperature, and the perception of limb position, is processed by the parietal lobes. The parietal lobes play a role in integrating data from several modalities, just like the temporal lobes do. Parietal lobe houses the primary somatic sensory cortex, a part of the brain that processes information from various parts of the body.
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After a short, high-level exposure to a toxicant, you immediately feel dizzy and nauseous. you are likely showing symptoms of:______
Blood pressure drops excessive they sit or stand up which condition called or postural hypo-tension.Orthostatic hypotension which is also called postural hypotenmnsion.
Orthoostatic hypotension caan caused dizziness or lightheadedness hypotension which is a form of low blood pressure that can happens when standing after sitting or lying down.But in some cases people with high blood pressure may have a pounding feeling in their head or cheat a feeling of lightheartedness.
Dizziness and nausea people feeling lightheaded enough to faint or notice cold, clammy skin, blurry vision, or chest pain.Dizziness or light headedness when standing occurs in about 20% of old people.
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If this individual is limited in hip flexion due to posterior muscle tension, what could be done to increase hip flexion?
Kneel along with your left knee on the floor and your right leg at a 90-degree perspective in front of you. Put your hands on your proper knee and hold your back instantly. Keeping your left knee pressed to the floor, lean ahead into your proper hip even as squeezing the muscles to your left buttocks. maintain for 30 seconds.
No longer engaging in everyday bodily activity can result in weak hip flexors. Underuse of the hip muscles can cause the muscle to degenerate and become vulnerable, which is known as muscle atrophy.
The primary hip extensors consist of the gluteus maximus, posterior head of the adductor Magnus, and hamstrings. Within the anatomic role, the posterior head of the adductor Magnus has the best second arm for extension, observed intently by means of the semitendinosus.
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Select the correct answer. betty drew the life cycle of a butterfly for a science exhibition. the life cycle showed the various stages of growth before the egg turns into a butterfly. what type of model did betty use? illustration of a monarch butterfly life cycle. eggs, larva, chrysalis, and adult. a. hypothetical b. conceptual c. mathematical d. physical
What unique ecological attributes do islands generally have? What impacts do exotic species have upon endemic and other species in oceania?
If a cat normally has 38 chromosomes in its somatic (body) cells, how many chromosomes will be in its gametes? a. 76 b. none of these c. 19 d. 38
Each gamete has half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cell. Hence, cats' gametes will have 19 chromosomes. Option C.
What are the type of cells in the organism?The types of cells in the organism are somatic and germ cells.
Both the somatic and germ cells go through mitosis producing two daughter cells with the same genetic dotation.
Somatic cells are any cell in the body except sperm and egg cells. They are diploid, meaning they contain two chromosome sets, each one inherited from each parent.
Germ cells are diploid reproductive cells. They suffer mitosis to form more sexual cells, and a few suffer meiosis to produce haploid gametes. Each germ cell produces 4 haploid gametes.
Each gamete has half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cell. Hence, cats' gametes will have 19 chromosomes. Option C.
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Answer: 19
Explanation: half of 38
What are mutations?
For biology revision
Answer: cells are incredibly accurate when they are copying DNA, but there are going to be some errors.
Most of these errors can often times break the organism in some way or might not at all.
But every now and then, some of these errors either as an individual base pair or maybe cumulatively can produce a different phenotype and potentially a phenotype that has an advantage.
This is mutation.
A mutation is a change to an organism's DNA sequence. Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations.
what are the different types of mutation?There are three types of DNA Mutations:
base substitutionsdeletions insertions.Base substitutions : Point mutations are single nucleotide substitutions; consider the point mutation Glu ——-> Val is the culprit of sickle cell anaemia.
Deletions : A deletion happens when one or more base pairs are deleted from the DNA, which causes a frameshift.
Insertions: Depending on whether multiples of three base pairs are entered, the addition of additional base pairs may cause frameshifts.
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A chronic disease characterized by the continued use of a drug regardless of its harmful consequences is ___________________________.
A chronic disease characterized by the continued use of a drug regardless of its harmful consequences is addiction.
Addiction is a chronic illness marked by compulsive, or uncontrollable, drug or alcohol seeking and use despite negative effects and potentially long-lasting alterations in the brain. The negative behaviours exhibited by drug or alcohol users may result from these changes in the brain. Addiction is a relapsing illness as well. Relapse is the act of using again after making an effort to stop. The brain regions responsible for motivation, learning, and behaviour regulation are all impacted by addiction.
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Drag each circle to the correct location on the image. Each circle can be used more than once, but not all circles will be used.
Geologists have observed that a portion of Africa is breaking away from the main continent. This is happening because the African Plate is in the process of splitting up into two parts. Scientists have named the two new tectonic plates the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate. Both of these plates are not only moving away from each other but also away from the Arabian Plate.
Based on this information, determine the type of boundaries these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate.
In divergent boundaries, plates separate from each other and new crust is created between them. The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary.
What are the three types of boundaries?I. Divergent
A new crust is created by the rising molten materials coming from the mantle.
Two plates separate, and a stream of hot material creates a new seabed between them. It occurs in an expansion of the sea bottom.
As old plates get separated, new and young crust instantaneously gets formed. The emerging mantle occupies the space left by the separation of the two plates.
II. Convergent.
When two plates move forward to each other, they end up colliding and causing the deformation of one or both plates.
Three possible collisions might occur,
• Two oceanic plates might collide ⇒ subduction
• Two continental plates might collide ⇒ obduction
• Oceanic plate and continental plates collide ⇒ Subduction
III. Transforming.
The plates slide laterally with each other, and they are usually called faults.
It is associated, in general, with the oceanic ridge, although it might also occur on the continental plate.
In the exposed example, the African plate is splitting up into two parts, meaning these two parts are separating from each other. A new seabed is created between the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate.
Since these plates are also separating from the Arabian Plate, we can also assume a new seabed is emerging between them.
The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary. Plates are separating from each other. They are not converging nor sliding.
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Based on the information given, the two new plates (Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate) are moving away from each other, which suggests that they share a divergent boundary. Additionally, both plates are also moving away from the Arabian Plate, which suggests that they share another divergent boundary with the Arabian Plate. Therefore, both the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate share a divergent boundary with each other and the Arabian Plate.
What enzyme adds complementary bases to exposed single strands of dna during dna replication?
The name of the enzyme is a polymerase. In the DNA replication process, polymerase plays an important role.
The enzyme polymerase is important for the process of DNA replication. Many other enzymes are involved in this process to complete this process.
The enzyme DNA ligase helps in joining the strands. This enzyme simply performs joining and sealing functions.
The enzyme DNA polymerase produces new strands from the parent strands i.e. from the old one.
The new strand is synthesized by joining old and new strands by enzyme DNA polymerase
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