The nurse is worrying about a customer who underwent a surgical procedure to dispose of a spinal wire tumor. while undertaking the postoperative assessments a Cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
A spinal CSF leak takes place anywhere inside the spinal column. A cranial CSF leak takes place in the cranium. The maximum common symptom of a spinal CSF leak is a headache, whilst a cranial CSF leak causes signs along with clear fluid leaking from the nose or ear. some CSF leaks may also heal with conservative treatments including mattress rest.
A CSF leak results from a hollow or tears within the dura, the outermost layer of the meninges. reasons for the hole or tear can include head damage and mind or sinus surgical treatment. CSF leaks may additionally occur after a lumbar puncture, additionally referred to as a spinal faucet or spinal anesthesia. Spontaneous CSF leaks also can occur for no regarded reason.
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medical staff at a community health center were concerned about the oral health of many of their patients. to improve patients' oral and overall health, they wanted to improve the coordination between medical and dental services, with medical providers more reliably providing appropriate referrals for dental care based on patients' age and risk factors. what would you identify as the best outcome measure for the project?
You may generate particular improvement ideas using change concepts that you would not have thought of otherwise.
Why is having an objective statement crucial when you start a model for improvement?The voice of the client, or those we serve, is captured in a strong objective statement. It helps bring together many stakeholders, keeps the team concentrated on the current tasks, fosters a sense of urgency to complete the work, offers a vision of what success looks like, and acts as a predictor of success.
One justification for using PDSA cycles instead of a more conventional version of the scientific method when seeking to improve a process (such as a randomized, controlled trial) PDSA cycles offer a way to modify improvement suggestions as the project moves forward.
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the nurse is assessing a client at 14 weeks' gestation at a routine prenatal visit and notes the fundal height is at the umbilicus. the nurse will most likely interpret this finding to indicate which situation?
This finding will probably be interpreted by the nurse as multiple fetal pregnancy.
What is umbilicus?The umbilical cord connects to the abdomen at the navel, also known as that of the umbilicus and belly button. The navel can be protruding, flat, or recessed. A navel is present in all placental mammals, though it is typically more noticeable in humans. The abdomen can be visibly divided into four quadrants using the umbilicus. The umbilicus is just a noticeable scar on the belly, and human beings generally have the same position for it. The tenth long thoracic nerve supplies the skin all around waist just at level of a umbilicus (T10 dermatome). The location of the umbilicus varies across individuals normally between the L3 or L5 vertebrae, which corresponds to the junction of the L3 & L4 vertebrae.
Is the umbilicus the belly button and write its fucntions?Technically known as the umbilicus, your navel is also referred to as the "belly button." Every person has them. Other mammals also have them, but they are often flat or smooth, and frequently simply a thin line that is covered by fur.
The umbilical cord is regarded as the fetus's and mother's physical and psychological connection. This arrangement enables the exchange of nutrients and oxygen from the mother's blood into the fetal blood while also eliminating waste materials from the fetal blood for elimination by the mother.
Briefing:
At 20 weeks of gestation, the fundus is usually when at level of the umbilicus. The fundal height is therefore higher than anticipated, raising the possibility of multiple gestation, polyhydramnios, fetal abnormalities, or macrosomia. Smaller measures than anticipated could indicate intrauterine growth restriction or a possible lack of amniotic fluid. The uterus would be displaced by urinary retention.
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a patient admitted to the intensive care unit after an abdominal aortic aneurysm resection has a pulmonary artery catheter with readings of pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (padp): 14; pulmonary artery wedge pressure (pawp): 18; and central venous pressure (cvp), 17. the patient's heart rate is 110 beats/minute and iv fluid running at 150 ml/hr. which health care provider orders would the nurse anticipate receiving?
The nurse will be ordered by the Physician to reduce IV fluids to 125 mL/hour, then reassess the patient's hemodynamics.
Hemodynamic parametersHemodynamic monitoring, as used in the medical field, is the close monitoring of a severely ill patient's circulatory condition and cardiovascular system activities.
Vital information on blood volume, heart contractility, and fluid balance can be found in hemodynamic parameters. All of which are required to assess the patient's general health and the efficacy of their treatment.
Blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and capillary refill time are the most frequently measured hemodynamic variables in general contexts (CRT).
the following are the main purposes of Hemodynamic monitoring,:
Early detection of complications and life-threatening illnesses to maintain appropriate circulation of the internal organs (e.g, heart failure)to direct fluid delivery and the course of treatmentprecisely assessing the cardiovascular function of critically ill patients in order to establish the efficacy of treatment approachesConclusively, mild tissue disorder can develop to organ failure and death if hemodynamic instability is not promptly treated. Early identification and rapid treatment are therefore essential for controlling hemodynamic instability.
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the nurse is monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. which sign or symptom, if frequently exhibited in the client, indicates that the client is at risk for chronic complications of diabetes if the blood glucose is not adequately managed?
He may experience polyuria if the blood glucose is not well regulated, which may cause the patient to have excessive urination.
You urinate more than usual when you have excessive urine volume (also known as polyuria). If your daily intake of urine exceeds 2.5 litres, this is considered excessive. Your age and gender will determine the "normal" urine volume. But less than 2 litres a day is typically thought to be normal. Although it is a frequent ailment, increased urine excretion shouldn't continue longer than a few days. The condition is typically first noticed at night. Nocturnal polyuria is the term used in this instance (or nocturia). Polyuria may also appear during a CT scan or any other medical procedure that involves injecting a dye into your body. The following day, increased urination production is typical.
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after receiving a dose of penicillin, a client develops dyspnea and hypotension. the nurse suspects the client is experiencing anaphylactic shock. what should the nurse do first?
In these cases, all the nurse has to do is administer the epinephrine, as ordered, and prepare the client for intubation, if necessary.
Anaphylactic shock is a relatively severe allergic reaction. This condition can be life-threatening for someone who experiences it because it develops very quickly. Someone who experiences this condition generally feels nausea and pain in the stomach area. Anaphylactic shock appears in just a few minutes after the sufferer is exposed to an allergen which is the cause of anaphylactic shock.
The first treatment for anaphylactic shock is by injecting epinephrine, to reduce the severity of the allergic reaction. Epinephrine injections can be done when medical personnel arrives at the patient's location. Furthermore, when the patient arrives at the hospital, the doctor will provide further assistance.
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a nurse is caring for a client with a gastrostomy tube and observes that a large amount of drainage is leaking from the tube. on inspection the nurse finds a great deal of slack in the tube. which action should the nurse take next?
Press the exterior bumper closer towards the skin while applying little pressure to the tube.
What does skin mean?As an organ, the skin is the biggest. The integumentary system is made up of the skin, as well as its byproducts (hair, nails, perspiration, and oil glands). Protection is among the skin's primary purposes. It defends the body against elements like bacteria, chemicals, and temperature that are present outside.
What's the name of skin in scientific terms?Our skin tone is produced by the epidermis, which is the top layer of skin and acts as a waterproof barrier. Hair follicles, sweat glands, and hard connective tissue are all found in the dermis, which is located beneath the epidermis. Connective tissue and fat make up the deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis).
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a patient reports taking an over-the-counter laxative for constipation daily for the past 3 weeks. what is your best action?
Every day, consume between 1500 to 2000 mL of fluids, and If you feel the need to go to the bathroom, do so soon away, and To avoid constipation, try to exercise regularly every day.
Where do you feel constipation pain?Constipated patients may experience tightness in their abdomen or a severe cramping pain in the centre of their gut. They may continually feel like as if they have just finished a full meal even when they haven't fed in several hours.
What is the main cause of constipation?Consuming insufficient protein in sources like fruit, veggies, and grains an alteration to your daily routine or way of life, such altering your eating patterns.
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a client is brought to the emergency department with a blood glucose level of 19 mg/dl. what drug should the nurse prepare to administer intravenously?
A patient with such a blood glucose of 19 mg/dl is taken to the emergency room, prompting the nurse to make Glucagon.
What is blood glucose?The level of glucose of humans or other animals is referred to as "glycaemia," sometimes known as "blood sugar," "glucose levels concentrations," and "blood glucose level." A 70 kg person's blood contains 4 grams or less of the simple sugar glucose at all times. Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar levels, may be a symptom of diabetes, a condition that can lead to serious, life-long health issues. Other diseases, such as issues with the pancreas or adrenal glands, that might impact insulin and blood glucose in your blood can also contribute to high blood sugar.
What is normal level of glucose in blood and how should it be controlled?Fasting blood glucose levels of 99 mg/dL and under are regarded as normal, levels of 100 mg/dL to 125 mg/dL as prediabetic levels, and levels of 126 mg/dL or more as diabetes levels.
A balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, keeping a healthy weight, or engaging in physical activity all can assist control the blood glucose level. Keep an eye on your blood glucose levels to determine what causes it to rise or fall.
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during assessment of the lower extremities, the nurse notes that the bilateral lower extremities are pink, intact, warm, and soft to touch, as well as normal in contour with a 4-mm depression in the skin after pressing that returns after 2 seconds. which is the correct interpretation and documentation of this result?
The correct interpretation and documentation of this result is 2+ pitting edema noted on bilateral lower extremities.
A more basic definition of edema is any swelling brought on by an accumulation of extra fluid in the body. Edema is a buildup of the interstitial fluid present in tissues as a result of anything disturbing the body's fluid balance.
Pitting edema is a particular kind of edema that is marked by pitting or indentation in the afflicted areas and is frequently brought on by illnesses that cause blood to collect in the legs or feet. In pitting edema, water makes up the majority of the extra fluid that accumulates.
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in a synergistic drug interaction group of answer choices one drug blocks the action of another drug. two drugs multiply each other's effects. two or more drugs combine to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions. an individual develops a tolerance to one drug that increases his or her tolerance to another drug.
In a synergistic drug interaction two drugs multiply each other's effects
An impact on the body (or an organism) caused by the interaction of two or more separate chemicals that is larger than the effect that any molecule would have had acting alone.
When the combined impact of two medications is larger than the individual activity of each agent, this is known as a synergistic interaction. This is a potent remedy that has been applied to a number of illnesses. For instance, the often used drug combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for bacterial infections has a synergistic effect that acts to disrupt the bacterial folic acid biosynthesis pathway's sequential stages. Furthermore, Amphotericin B and 5-FC work in concert, and death rates substantially rise when one is not available. Drugs that are fungistatic may change to be fungicidal due to synergistic interactions, offering a more potent choice for therapy.
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a nurse is caring for a client who has sustained severe trauma and has developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic). the nurse will explain this complication to the family based on which physiologic principle?
The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained severe trauma and has developed disseminated intravascular coagulation Widespread coagulation and bleeding in the vascular compartment.
Going through very disturbing, scary, or distressing events is sometimes known as trauma. whilst we speak approximately emotional or mental trauma, we'd imply: conditions or activities we find demanding. how we're laid low with our experiences.
Recurrent, unwanted distressing recollections of the annoying occasion. Reliving the worrying event as though it were going on again (flashbacks) upsetting desires or nightmares approximately the stressful occasion. severe emotional distress or bodily reactions to something that reminds you of the worrying occasion.
Initial reactions to trauma can include exhaustion, confusion, disappointment, anxiety, agitation, numbness, dissociation, confusion, physical arousal, and blunted affect. most responses are regular in that they have an effect on most survivors and are socially perfect, psychologically powerful, and self-limited.
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a disease-causing agent that does not usually infect and cause disease in a person with a healthy immune system is termed a(n)
Vaccination is a disease-causing agent that does not usually infect and cause disease in a person with a healthy immune system.
What causes infect?When bacteria enter the body, reproduce, and trigger a reaction in the body, an infection results. An infection needs to happen in three ways: Source: Ecosystems of infectious (germ) agents (e.g., sinks, surfaces, human skin) A person who is susceptible and who has a point of entry for germs.
How a person is infected?When an affected person speaks, coughs, or sneezes, tiny droplets of infectious agents are released into the air, that can transmit some illnesses. These airborne droplets are so little that they barely fly about a foot away from the sick person before plummeting.
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after reviewing information about the various impulse control disorders, a nurse demonstrates understanding of the information by identifying which disorder as involving a persistent pattern of disobedience and argumentativeness?
A pattern of persistent disobedience and argumentativeness is described as an oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
What leads to defiant conduct?Parenting problems include child maltreatment or neglect, severe or inconsistent punishment, or an absence of parental oversight. Other family problems include a child who lives wa ith such a parent, strife within the family, or a parent who suffers from a mental health illness substance use condition.
What exactly is defiant syndrome?Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is just a condition in which your child exhibits a pattern of disrespectful, rebellious, and irate conduct toward adults. Parent management training and psychotherapy are effective treatments for ODD.
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the nursery nurse is providing shift handoff on a newborn documented as small for gestational age. which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to communicate about this newborn? select all that apply.
There in special-care nursery, a nurse is tending to a newborn who is small for gestational age. The characteristics which are recorded are the infant's eating, weight, and infection.
What is the gestational age?The word most commonly used to define the phase of the a pregnant throughout pregnancy is gestational age. Weeks are tallied from the first day of the woman's most recent period to the present. Between 38 & 42 weeks is the usual gestational period. Premature births are those that take place prior to 37 weeks of pregnancy. Gestational age is a term used in obstetrics to describe the age of a pregnancy. It is calculated from the start of the woman's last period or, if a more precise method is available, from the matching age of the gestation.
Is gestation the same as pregnancy and how you record gestation age?The term "gestation" refers to the period of time a baby develops and grows inside the uterus of a pregnant parent, between conception and delivery. The term "gestational age" describes the stage of the pregnancy and is typically represented as a collection of days and weeks.
Subtract of weeks your kid was preterm from the actual age of your child in weeks (weeks that since date of birth). This represents your child's actual age. At 39 weeks, a pregnancy now is deemed to be "full term."
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regarding the patient with parkinson's disease (pd) who recently entered a long-term care facility, which action would the health care team implement to promote adequate nutrition for this patient?
Throughout the day, serve easy-to-chew and swallow small, frequent meals.
What is the main cause of Parkinson's disease?The hindbrain, a region of the brain, loses nerve cells, which results in Parkinson's disease. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is made by nerve fibers in this area of the brain. Parkinson's disease is a disorder in which a portion of your brain worsens over time, resulting in increasingly severe symptoms.
What are the top 4 Parkinson's disease symptoms?Hand, arm, leg, jaw, or head tremblingMuscle stiffness, or persistent tensing of the muscle.Sluggishness of motion.Impaired coordination and balance, which can result in falls.To know more about Parkinson's disease visit:
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following an assessment by her primary care provider, a 70-year-old resident of an assisted living facility has begun taking daily oral doses of levothyroxine. which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to withhold a scheduled dose of levothyroxine?
The resident's apical heart rate is 112 beats/minute with a regular rhythm.
What is levothyroxine ?An underactive thyroid gland is treated with the medication levothyroxine (hypothyroidism). The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones that aid in regulating growth and energy levels. To make up for the lack of the thyroid hormone thyroxine, people take levothyroxine. Only with a prescription is levothyroxine accessible.
Foods including soybean flour, cotton seed meal, walnuts, dietary fibre, calcium, and calcium-fortified beverages may also inhibit the absorption of levothyroxine. If at all possible, avoid these foods within a few hours of taking the medication.If the pulse rate is greater than 100 bpm, it is necessary to withhold a levothyroxine dose in an older adult.Learn more about levothyroxine here:
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when planning care for multiple patients on the intensive care unit (icu), which common patient problems must the nurse address? select all that apply.
Pain, anxiety, and nutrition are major patient issues that nurses seek to address when providing care for a number of patients on the critical care unit.
What are nursing patient issues?A problem-focused diagnosis refers to a patient issue that was discovered during a nursing assessment. Typically, the issue persists for a number of shifts or the duration of a patient's hospital stay. Nevertheless, based on the medical and nursing treatment, it might be cured during a shift.
Why is a patient challenging?Up to 30% of the patients that primary care physicians classify as "difficult" 4–8 These individuals include those that exhibit hostile, manipulative, or irrational behavior, have ambiguous symptoms or conditions, are medically or psychiatrically unwell, have difficult social situations and limited assistance.
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a client hospitalized for uncontrolled manic behavior constantly belittles other clients on the general ward and is demanding special favors from the nurses. which is the most effective nursing intervention for this client?
The best nursing solution for this client is to set boundaries with clear consequences for demanding or demeaning conduct.
The person here has a mental disorder that constitutes uncontrolled manic behavior. For a person suffering from a mania-like bipolar disorder, it is common for him or to have hyperactivity and heightened energy.
The person might also feel invincible, better than others, or destined for greatness. Thus, the person will constantly belittle others and will demand special favors from the nurses.
The best approach for this situation would be a punishment-reward method in which there would be punishment or consequences for belittling or demanding behavior as well as a reward for good behavior.
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what would the most likely diagnosis be for a patient who experienced a severe head trauma and now is unable to point to an object in space under visual guidance and has difficulty moving their eyes toward a visual target?
Balint's syndrome is the most likely diagnosis be for a patient who experienced a severe head trauma .
What does trauma feel like?Some of the earliest impacts of trauma include exhaustion, confusion, depression, concern, agitation, apathy, dissociation, bewilderment, physiological arousal, and dampened affect. Because they affect the most of survivors, are socially acceptable, mentally beneficial, and self-restrictive, the bulk of reactions are considered typical.
What alters a person after trauma?Trauma may make you more vulnerable to mental health problems. Additionally, it might cause post-traumatic stress disorder right away (PTSD). To cope with unpleasant memories and emotions, some people abuse alcohol, drugs, or even themselves. Trauma may make it very difficult for you to carry on with your daily life, depending about how it affects you.
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a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse what happens when uncontrolled hypertension is prolonged. the nurse explains that a patient with prolonged uncontrolled hypertension is at risk for developing what health problem?
Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure, kidney disease, stroke, and cognitive decline
What is uncontrolled hypertension ?The primary organs that are damaged by hypertension are the heart, kidneys, brain, and arterial blood vessels. Uncontrolled hypertension speeds up this organ damage, which eventually leads to organ failure, cardiovascular death, and disability.
Uncontrolled hypertension" refers to blood pressure that is not adequately managed as opposed to blood pressure that is unresponsive to therapy, as might be seen with secondary causes of hypertension like renal artery stenosis.A blood pressure reading of 180/120 or higher results in an 80% chance of passing away within a year if untreated, with an average survival rate of ten months. Heart attack, stroke, blindness, and kidney disease can all result from persistent, untreated high blood pressure.Learn more about Uncontrolled Hypertension here:
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A patient newly diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse what happens when uncontrolled hypertension is prolonged.
How does hypertension kill you?
High blood pressure can burst or block arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain, causing a stroke. Brain cells die during a stroke because they do not get enough oxygen. Stroke can cause serious disabilities in speech, movement, and other basic activities, and a stroke can kill you. The Kidneys.
What are the non modifiable risk factors for hypertension?
Non-modifiable risk factors include a family history of hypertension, age over 65 years and co-existing diseases such as diabetes or kidney disease. Hypertension is called a "silent killer". Most people with hypertension are unaware of the problem because it may have no warning signs or symptoms.
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a client who is status post-gastric-bypass surgery may have a deficiency associated with absorption. what supplemental vitamin would the nurse need to administer to this client?
Clients whose status after gastric bypass surgery may have deficiencies related to absorption so they need iron vitamins. Other than that can be added other vitamins such as vitamin B and Vitamin D.
After gastric bypass surgery, food intake must be reduced, and this can sometimes lead to malnutrition and other complications. So patients are advised to take vitamin supplements. Conditions after gastric bypass surgery can experience complaints such as anemia, pernicious anemia, vitamin deficiency, and osteoporosis, which are common in people who have undergone this operation.
So Health experts recommend certain foods, such as spinach, peas, fish and meat, etc., as they are good sources of vitamins and minerals.
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while assessing a peritoneal dialysis client in the home, the nurse notes that the fluid draining from the abdomen is cloudy, is white in color, and contains a strong odor. the nurse suspects this client has developed a serious complication known as:
The client has developed peritonitis, a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity.
Peritonitis is a serious medical condition that occurs when the lining of the abdominal cavity, known as the peritoneum, becomes inflamed. This can happen due to a number of reasons, such as a ruptured appendix, a bacterial infection, or a leaking abdominal organ. When peritonitis occurs, it is a medical emergency and can be fatal if not treated promptly. Symptoms of peritonitis include severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and fever. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and surgery.
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a client is being treated with colchicine for pain in the big right toe. the client begins to complain of severe right flank pain and is diagnosed with kidney stones. which type of kidney stone does the nurse recognize this client is most likely affected by?
A uric acid stone is a type of kidney stone that is a hard item formed from chemicals found in urine. The stone may remain in the kidney or migrate down the urinary path into the ureter after creation.
Non-moving stones can cause severe discomfort, urine outflow blockage, infection, and other health issues. Calcium stones are one kind of kidney stone. The majority of kidney stones are calcium stones, generally in the form of calcium oxalate. Struvite stones arise as a result of a urinary tract infection. Uric acid stones. Cystine stones.
Drinking extra water may be advised at first. Medications can also be utilized to relieve discomfort or to aid in the passage of the stone. To lower uric acid levels in the blood, medications such as allopurinol may be used. Other medications that can make urine less acidic include citrate (or more alkaline).
Purines are a natural chemical substance found in foods such as beef, chicken, pig, fish, and especially organ meats such as liver. A purine-rich diet can result in uric acid. High purine intake increases the production of monosodium urate, which can form uric acid stones in the kidneys under the right conditions. Uric acid stones form when the levels of uric acid in the urine are consistently too high and/or the urine is too acidic.
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a client is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor for hypertension. the nurse questions the prescription of an ace inhibitor for a client with which condition? heart failure renal artery stenosis diabetes coronary artery disease
The ACE inhibitor is prescribed for the heart failure conditions
ACE inhibitors improve heart failure by reducing afterload, preload, and systolic wall stress, resulting in increased cardiac output without increasing heart rate. ACE inhibitors play an important role in promoting salt excretion by increasing and decreasing renal blood flow. production of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone. In addition to reducing afterload, ACE inhibitors also reduce myocardial cell hypertrophy.
Since the 1980s, several large prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trials have demonstrated that treatment with ACE inhibitors reduces overall mortality, particularly in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. These trials demonstrated that ACE inhibitors reduce mortality even in patients with asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction. Based on the above evidence, ACE inhibitors are recommended as first-line treatment in patients with heart failure.
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following surgery for a mitral valve replacement, a patient was required to take coumadin. this medication is classified as an
According to the research, the correct answer is anticoagulant. Following surgery for a mitral valve replacement, a patient was required to take coumadin. This medication is classified as an anticoagulant.
What is an anticoagulant?It is a drug with an inhibitory effect on blood coagulation being used for the treatment of thrombosis due to its ability to hinder the blood coagulation process.
In this sense, coumadin is an anticoagulant medication that prevents the formation of clots or thrombi in the blood or prevents them from increasing in size.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, coumadin is classified as an anticoagulant since it prevents clot formation associated with heart disease.
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the nurse is reviewing lab results from a client's blood draw earlier in the shift. which result for the calcium level would the nurse expect when this client has irregular blood pressure readings, muscle spasms, and recent dental caries?
Hypocalcemia is a curable illness that occurs when the calcium levels in your blood are too low. By including calcium in your diet on a daily basis, you may avoid calcium deficiency disease.
Hypocalcemia can be caused by a variety of medical disorders, but it is frequently caused by low amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH) or vitamin D in your body. Hypocalcemia can induce numbness and tingling (particularly around the lips, hands, and feet), as well as muscular cramps. Your blood calcium level will be evaluated at your first post-operative appointment, and you may be weaned off the supplementary calcium prescription following your surgery. Keep in mind that calcium rich meals, such as dairy products, might include a lot of saturated and trans fat.
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. on day 3 of life, a newborn continues to require 100% oxygen by nasal cannula. the parents ask whether they can hold their infant during his next gavage feeding. given that this newborn is physiologically stable, what response would the nurse give?
During the feeding, you may hold your baby. is the answer the nurse would give. The nurse, as a support person and teacher, is responsible for shaping the environment and making caregiving responsive to the needs of both the parents and the infant.
What does "100% oxygen flow" mean?
This oxygen is PURE, it contains only oxygen! As a result, whatever comes out of that flow meter has a FiO2 of 100%. Think about the following: If I set the oxygen flow rate to 1 L/min, I'll get 1 L/min of 100% oxygen.
Parental interaction by holding should be motivated during gavage feedings; nasal cannula oxygen therapy allows for easy feedings and psychological and social interactions. Swaddling and kangaroo care during feedings both provide positive interactions for the infant and help the infant associate feedings with effective interaction.
Therefore, the nurse's best response is to let the parents hold their baby.
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the stanford five-city project, a major community trial designed to lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases, used two types of surveys to measure treatment-control differences across risk factors. what were they?
Both the cross-sectional household surveys and the cohort surveys are conducted on a group of people.
How would you characterize a cohort?A cohort is described as a group of people, typically 100 or more in number, who share a common trait, such as being smokers, employed by a lead smelter, born in the same year, or even all members of a particular health insurance plan. Cohort studies contrast an exposed population with an unexposed population.
Cohort: A bunch or not?A cohort is a group of individuals who are participating in a common set of experiences, according to its definition. You can start to notice some advantages of this technique if you apply this idea to the classroom. In a cohort graduate studies, students often start and finish their studies simultaneously.
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your patient is prescribed aspirin 325 mg po every day. you are preparing to educate them on preparation for a surgical procedure planned in two weeks. what teaching to you expect to provide regarding their prescribed aspirin?
To avoid excessive bleeding, aspirin should be stopped 7-10 days before surgery, and thienopyridines should be stopped 2 weeks before surgery.
What are the three different types of surgery?There are various types of surgery, and they can be classified based on surgical urgency. The National Confidential Enquiry in to other Patient Outcome but also Death used the terms Emergency, Urgent, Scheduled, and Elective to classify the types of surgery.
Is it painful to have surgery?Many medical procedures are unpleasant and, in the some cases, painful. However, certain procedures are more painful than some others. Some may make you feel uneasy right away. Others cause discomfort for a few weeks or longer even though you recover.
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a client with polycythemia vera reports gouty arthritis symptoms in the toes and fingers. what is the nurse's best understanding of the pathophysiological reason for this symptom?
Symptoms of limp polycythemia vera are fatigue, dizziness or headache, blurred vision, nosebleeds, excessive sweating, difficulty breathing, itching, numbness in the hands or feet, and skin turning red. If symptoms of gouty arthritis occur, there may be an increase in uric acid.
Polycythemia vera is a blood disorder that causes the body to produce too many red blood cells. This disorder occurs due to malignancy of the growing blood cells when the bone marrow produces too many red blood cells.
Increased levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia) are a major factor in the occurrence of gouty arthritis. Problems will arise if monosodium urate (MSU) crystals form in the joints and surrounding tissues.
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