The Ultramares V. Touche case of 1933 found that a cause of action based on carelessness could not be maintained by a third party who was not in contractual privity, it did left open the possibility that third parties could sue in the case of fraud or constructive fraud.
The idea of privity of contract is a common law theory that states that a contract cannot confer rights or impose responsibilities on anybody who is not a party to the transaction. The concept is that only contract parties should be able to sue to protect their rights or seek damages. However, the doctrine has proven troublesome due to its consequences for contracts signed for the benefit of third parties who are unable to enforce the contracting parties' responsibilities. Contractivity exists exclusively between the parties to contract, which is most typically a contract of sale of commodities or services. Horizontal privity occurs when the advantages of a contract are to be distributed to a third party.
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a company that has a lot of resources (that is, capital or money), expertise, and market experience, is more likely than smaller, less well-endowed firms to practice which target marketing strategy?
A corporation using differentiated marketing creates marketing strategies that appeal to at least two different target audience segments.
A differentiated target marketing strategy: what is it?A differentiated targeting strategy, which is frequently referred to as segmented marketing, is created to identify and concentrate on major target categories that have the greatest potential value for your company. The objective then becomes creating unique market targeting methods for each of your primary objectives. A "different" market that is interested in purchasing a certain kind of goods is the focus of differentiated marketing. For instance, a company selling organic dog food is trying to attract a certain demographic, one that is environmentally sensitive, animal-loving, and health conscious. Marketing, packaging, pricing, and product design are examples of differentiating factors.
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the estradas are planning to buy a house 4 years from now. housing experts in their area have estimated that the cost of a home will increase at a rate of 3%/year during that 4-year period. if this economic prediction holds true, how much can the estradas expect to pay for a house that currently costs $400,000? (round your answer the the nearest dollar.)
The cost of the house after 4 years will be $450204
In mathematics, the difference between two numbers represents the percent increase between them. A percentage of the first number is always used to express percentage increases.
Cost of house = $400000
Time in years = 4 years
rate of increase per year= 3%
Using the formula, we get the following:
Cost of the house after 4 years = Cost of the house*(1+r/100)^t
where r = rate of increase
and t = time in years
Substituting the values in the formula we get:
Cost of the house after 4 years = 400000*(1+3/100)^4
= 400000*(1.03)^4
= 400000*1.125 = $450203.52 or $450204
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which manufacturing process would the be most appropriate to use if you were producing and selling custom design wedding cakes?
The manufacturing process that would the be most appropriate to use if you were producing and selling custom design wedding cakes is a make to order process.
What Is Make to Order (MTO)?In manufacturing, the Make to order (MTO) refers to a business production strategy that typically allows consumers to purchase products that are customized to their specifications. It is one of the manufacturing process in which the production of an item begins only after a confirmed customer order is received.
Some of the advantages to Make to order include customization for customers, reduction in stock obsolescence and finished goods inventory and overall waste.
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the time between when a recession begins and when the central bank lowers interest rates to stimulate aggregate demand is an example of an:
The time between when a recession begins and when the central bank lowers interest rates to stimulate aggregate demand is an example of an inside lag of monetary policy. (Option D)
What is inside lag?The time it takes for a government or central bank to react to an economic shock is known as the inside lag (or inside recognition and decision lag) in economics. It is the postponement of the execution of a monetary or fiscal policy.
In conclusion, internal lags cause delays in the execution of a policy since it takes time to pinpoint the issue and more time to put monetary measures into place. The central bank's or the government's delay in responding to the country's economic shock is referred to as the outer lag, in comparison.
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The complete question can be found below:
The time between when a recession begins and when the central bank lowers interest rates to stimulate aggregate demand is an example of an:
A. inside lag of fiscal policy.
B. outside lag of fiscal policy.
C. outside lag of monetary policy.
D. inside lag of monetary policy.
Answer: Option D
suppose a timing element is added to the game, and that jordan buys a ticket first. while lee did not see which ticket jordan bought, lee does know the values in the payoff matrix and that jordan has purchased first. assuming that jordan and lee are both self-interested, lee can infer select one: a. that jordan bought a ticket for the documentary. b. that jordan did not exploit the first-mover advantage. c. that jordan bought a ticket for the comedy. d. that jordan's threat to buy a ticket for the comedy is not credible.
Let's say there is a timing component introduced to the sport, and Jordan purchases a ticket first. Lee then purchases a ticket after witnessing Jordan's selection. There will be two Nash equilibria as a result.
What characteristics define a successful outcome?Realistic, measurable, and detailed outcome statements are good. Consider carefully what you can actually accomplish in light of the target demographics and the extent of your available resources. Develop the following results: • Your outcomes should specify what you hope will occur once your action is finished.
Which four outcomes are there?To offer you a bit more context, I figured I'd speak about those effects. Consequences fall within one of four quadrants. There are four types of punishment: positive punishment, negative punishment, and positive reinforcement.
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which of the following are some details used to evaluate the general economic environment? (choose every correct answer.)
The trade deficit or surplus of The GDP is some details used to evaluate the general economic environment.
A few details used to evaluate the overall monetary environment encompass the GDP and the exchange deficit or surplus.
Economic factors include factors consisting as interest fees, inflation fees, gross domestic product, unemployment prices, stages of disposable earnings, and the overall growth or decline of the financial system.
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advocates say that fixed exchange rates can help a country deal with economic crises. true or false
False.
The given statement 'advocates say that fixed exchange rates can help a country deal with economic crises' is False.
A nation's economy suffers through an economic crisis when it abruptly decreases in power, generally due to a financial crisis. A recession, depression, or stagnation may result from an economic crisis.
When some financial assets lose a large part of their face value due to a financial crisis, it is considered a economic crisis. There were many recessions that coincided with bank panics during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Inflation, currency crisis, or financial/banking crisis are some examples of economic crises that slow down economic activity.
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what is the difference between margarine and butter? why is there special concern regarding the regulations of these products and who raised these concerns?
The difference is that margarine is made from vegetable oils, so contains no cholesterol and higher in good fats. Butter made from animal fat, which contains cholesterol and high levels of saturated fat. The consumer raised these concerns because of their health.
Margarine generally tops butter with regards to heart fitness. Margarine is made from vegetable oils, so it incorporates unsaturated "appropriate" fats — polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat. these forms of fat help lessen low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "terrible," ldl cholesterol while substituted for saturated fat.
Margarine is a selection used for flavoring, baking, and cooking. it is most usually used rather for butter. although initially crafted from animal fats, maximum margarine fed on nowadays is made from vegetable oil.
The unfold become initially named oleomargarine from Latin for oleum and Greek margarite.
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An FHA loan made last year may be assumed:
-only by a buyer who intends to occupy the property
-only by a buyer who intends to occupy the property as a primary residence
-only by a buyer who has had an FHA loan before
-by any buyer, regardless of whether he intends to occupy the property
Loans after that date may also be assumed, but the Federal Housing Administration requires a" creditworthiness supposition process". Simple hypotheticals may not bear FHA blessing, but the borrower and lender must work out the details together.
What happens to the property?For all loans after the 1986 cut off date, FHA blessing and borrower credit verification are needed. The" new" FHA rules governing loan supposition requires the borrower to qualify important in the same way he or she'd qualify for any other FHA home loan.
A loan supposition credit check is done in the same way as the procedure for any FHA loan operation. Loan hypotheticals can not offer more lenient credit check programs or more strict bones
According to the FHA, under the" Determining if an Assumptor is Creditworthy" rule," The lender who's the holder or servicer of the mortgage determines the creditworthiness of the assumptor, in agreement with standard mortgage credit analysis conditions. The Direct Countersign( DE) lender may also use an approved authorized agent to reuse hypotheticals."
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assume that the price of big mac in japan is yen750 while that in the united states is $5.50. if the yen-dollar exchange rate is 125yen/dollar, what is the valuation of japanese yen?
The valuation of Japanese yen is 9.1% when the yen-dollar exchange rate is 125 yen/dollar.
Exchange rate:
Exchange rate defines the cost of exchanging one currency for another. And the rates are generally fluctuating due to economic and political factors.
Given,
Assume that the price of big mac in japan is yen 750 while that in the united states is $5.50.
Here we need to find the valuation of Japanese yen when the yen-dollar exchange rate is 125 yen/dollar.
First, we have to identify the rate of one yen in dollars.
In order to find that, we have to divide the dollar rate by the yen value, then we get,
=> 1 yen = 1/125
=> 1 yen = 0.008 dollar
Now, to find the valuation we have to divide the product price by the yen equivalent value, then we get,
=> 5.50/0.008
=> 9.1%
Therefore, the valuation of Japanese yen is 9.1%.
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assume the equilibrium price for an apartment in plano is $1000 a month. city council imposes a price ceiling of $755 a month on the plano apartment market to help low income people. this leads to:
According to the rule of demand, as a good's price drops, so does the quantity that is sought for.
What is Law of Demand?The law of demand holds that, all other things being equal (cetris peribus), the relationship between price and quantity demanded for any good or service is inverse. A product's price increase causes a decrease in consumer demand for that same product.The law of demand explains why consumers make certain decisions when prices vary. When a good's price increases, there is less demand for that good in the market, presuming other factors that affect demand remain constant.This is how people naturally make purchases.This occurs as a result of consumers' reluctance to spend more money because they are concerned about running out of money.To Learn more About Law of Demand refer to :
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on june 1, the board of directors declares a cash dividend to be paid on june 30 to shareholders of record on june 15. on which date would the company record a credit to the dividends payable account?
The company will post a credit for any dividends due on that day.
What is a journal entry in accounting?The date, credit and debit amounts, a brief description of the transaction, and associated ledger are included in each journal along with other information about each individual transaction.
A simple accounting entry only debits and credits one account. As a best practice, we recommend using simple journal entries that are easy to understand.
June 1 journal entry explains dividend credit payable account. The following is the journal entry made for the declared on:
Date Accounts Debit
1 - June dividends xxx
payable dividends
declared dividends
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mcpherson company must purchase a new milling machine. the purchase price is $50,000, including installation. the machine has a tax life of 5 years, and it can be depreciated according to the following rates. the firm expects to operate the machine for 4 years and then to sell it for $12,500. if the marginal tax rate is 40%, what will the after-tax salvage value be when the machine is sold at the end of year 4? year depreciation rate 1 0.20 2 0.32 3 0.19 4 0.12 5 0.11 6 0.06
The after-tax salvage value be when the machine is sold at the end of year 4 $10,900
Is the value of salvage always subject to tax?The price at which an asset was sold after being liquidated is referred to as the "before tax salvage value. This sum is recorded as income and is taxable on the balance sheet. The amount you have left over after subtracting tax from that sum is referred to as the "after-tax salvage value.
How is after-tax salvage determined?Asset sales price less tax paid on the difference between sales price and book value is the asset's after-tax salvage value.
How does depreciation work?to reduce a product's cost or assessed worth. Deducting from taxable income over a period of years a portion of the initial cost of (a business asset) as the asset's value declines. verb intransitive: to decrease in value.
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44. jerry was in a big hurry to get to school because he had a group project presentation that day. he was driving north on temple avenue approaching university avenue in pomona. he saw the light turn from yellow to red and he drove faster since he honestly thought he could reach the intersection before any pedestrians began to cross the road. however, as jerry drove through the intersection he struck a pedestrian, peter, who was legally crossing the street. due to this incident, peter was seriously injured. peter sued jerry for damages. what would be the best category of tort for jerry's actions? a. intentional tort, because jerry knew that the light was red when he crossed the intersection. b. product liability, because jerry was using a mass-produced product (a car) when peter was injured. c. negligence, because car accidents are usually caused by carelessness. d. strict liability, because jerry ran the red light which is a violation of the california vehicle code.
The best category of tort for jerry's actions is negligence, because car accidents are usually caused by carelessness.
A tort is a civil wrong that causes a claimant to suffer loss or harm, resulting in legal liability for the tortious act's perpetrator. Tort law differs from criminal law in that it deals with criminal wrongs that are punishable by the state.
Tort law's primary goals are to provide relief to injured parties for harm caused by others, to hold parties responsible for the harm accountable, and to deter others from committing harmful acts.
Hence, the correct answer is "C"
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Describe one downside to borrowing the maximum allowed amount of federal student loans.
The one downside to borrowing the maximum allowed amount of federal student loans is: you must repay back the loan.
What is federal student loans?Federal student loans can be defined as the loan given to college students so as to enables them pay for their tuition fees among others.
One of the disadvantage of downside of collecting this loan is that the student must repay back the loan amount given to them even if the student did not graduate from the college.
Therefore the downside of borrowing huge sum is that you must pay it back.
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a client has a job as a tenured professor of finance at a successful university. tenure implies that the professor can only lose the job in extreme cases of misconduct or closing of the program. in addition, this professor is in good health, has a healthy spouse, both of whom have life expectancies into their 90s, and expects to work another 15 years, but can work longer if retirement needs require it. the salary, although sufficient for a comfortable lifestyle, will not make the couple wealthy, in and of itself. what kind of investment portfolio is appropriate for this client?
A retirement savings plan that employees participate in by putting a portion of their pay into an account that earns interest. This plan is established by an employer.
What is typically a person's most valuable asset?Individual Assets' Median Worth. The most valuable asset that households own is real estate, which they can use for their own use or rent out. The portfolio also includes financial assets like stocks, mutual funds, bonds, and retirement accounts.
How are investments affected by inflation?Due to the fact that when savings money is repaid, it may be worth much less than when it was lent, and the real rate of interest may be low, inflation may dry up funds for investment.
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item x is a standard item stocked in a company's inventory of component parts. each year the firm, on a random basis, uses about 1,600 of item x, which costs $25 each. storage costs, which include insurance and cost of capital, amount to $8 per unit of average inventory. every time an order is placed for more of item x, it costs $16. a. whenever item x is ordered, what should the order size be? (round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
The annual cost of owning, operating, and maintaining an asset throughout its lifetime is known as the equivalent annual cost (EAC).
Because it enables a company to compare the cost-effectiveness of various assets with differing lifespans, EAC is frequently utilized in capital budgeting decisions.
Capital budgeting is one of many uses for the equivalent annual cost (EAC).However, the majority of the time, it is utilized to analyze two or more potential projects with distinct durations, where costs are the most important variable.
EAC can also be used to figure out how long an asset should last, whether it's better to lease or buy it, how much it will cost to maintain an asset, how much savings are needed to buy a new asset, and how much it will cost to keep equipment that is already in use.
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why do your colleagues compute mses of the same models twice, and the second time on a different dataset?
The colleagues compute MSE's of same models twice and the second time on a different dataset to increase the probability of correct dataset.
What is a dataset?A group of data is referred to as a data set (or dataset). When dealing with tabular data, a data set is equivalent to one or more database tables, each of which corresponds to a specific record of the corresponding data set and each of whose columns and rows represent different variables. Each member of the data set is given values for each of the variables, such as the object's height and weight, in the data set. A group of papers or files can also make up a data set. The information made available in a public open data repository is measured in open data by data sets.
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amy clark just opened a soup and salad restaurant near golden gate park in san francisco, ca. rather than borrow money or raise funds from investors, amy used her creativity and ingenuity and figured out how to get her business up and running without the need for external funding. amy is utilizing a technique referred to as .
Amy Clark is using a technique known s bootstrap.
The term "bootstrapping" is used in business to describe the process of launching and expanding a company using only readily accessible resources, such as personal finances, home computers, and garage space.
Starting a business from scratch without or with minimal outside investment is known as bootstrapping. By having the owner pay for and use the resources individually, it avoids using a pool of equity or large bank loans to finance small businesses.
According to the fundamental idea of bootstrapping, inference about a population from sample data (sample population) may be represented by resampling the sample data and performing inference about a sample from resampled data (resampled sample).
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starting from short-run equilibrium, the following occurs: the u.s. dollar depreciates and wage rates rise. moreover, the effect on the economy from the dollar depreciating is stronger than the effect on the economy from rising wage rates.what is the effect on the price level and real gdp in the short run? a. the price level falls and real gdp falls. b. the price level rises and real gdp falls. c. the price level falls and real gdp rises. d. the price level rises and real gdp rises.
The effect on the price level and Real GDP in the short run is that the the price level rises and real GDP rises.
There is a close relationship between GDP and prices. When GDP is high, price is usually high as well. This is because when the economy is doing well, people have more money to spend, and businesses can wage more for their goods and services.
When GDP is low, prices are usually low as well. This is because when the economy is struggling, people have less money to spend, and businesses have to charge less to attract customers. The GDP growth rate is a key indicator of the health of an economy.
Hence, the correct option is "D".
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would you consider setting new goals about the number of online positive reviews attributed to your customer service?
Examples of customer service goals include: improving how you measure customer service, speeding up response times, making it easy for customers to get in touch, and creating a customer-centric culture.
In sales, trade, and economics, a purchaser (every now and then known as a client, consumer, or patron) is the recipient of a great, carrier, product or idea - acquired from a vendor, seller, or dealer via an economic transaction or alternate for money or a few different valuable attention. Early societies relied on a present economic system based totally on favors. Later, as commerce evolved, much less permanent human family members had been fashioned, relying extra on transitory wishes instead of enduring social goals on. Clients are normally stated to be the clients of goods and services, whilst customers are folks that get hold of customized recommendations and answers.
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managers untangle issues that come up around professional roles and responsibilities which is particularly noticeable in the area of staff hiring and training, where who can make the difference between a successful operation and a disastrous day?
In order to accomplish specified goals, business management entails the monitoring, organization, and coordination of business resources and processes.
What is the introduction to business management?A business manager is responsible for carrying out a variety of daily tasks to maintain the overall health of the company, its projects, cash flow, and team members. This article fully examines the introduction to business management.The planning, organizing, directing, leading, and controlling functions—commonly regarded as the core components of company management—need to be examined. Simply put, a business manager's responsibility is to make sure that resources and personnel are efficiently coordinated so that necessary tasks can be completed and business goals can be met. Here, we provide a brief introduction to business management, outlining the competencies required and the duties of a business manager on a daily basis.To Learn more About business management refer to :
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a core country company moves fabric production to a periphery nation where labor costs are lower, and there is less governmental oversight of working conditions. which term best defines this model?
Flexible accumulation is the term that defines If a company relocates to a less developed country where labour expenses are cheaper.
what is Flexible accumulation ?In response to competition from newly industrialising and less developed countries as well as the saturation and fragmentation of markets within more economically developed countries, innovative industrial technologies, adaptable inter-firm relations, variable organisational structures, and flexible consumption have been used.
In the middle of the 1980s, most Western nations experienced an economic boom thanks to the emergence of flexible accumulation. This economic boom had the effect of paving the way for the inclusion of environmental issues on the political agenda.
Harvey claims that the shift to flexible accumulation has involved two key changes. The first is the evolution of knowledge. The second, however, is the expansion of global finance's influence.
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a firm that uses a push supply-chain strategy is most likely to group of answer choices produce small quantities of multiple goods at the same time. produce a limited number of products rather than risk high inventory costs. manufacture products before it receives any orders for those products. try and keep its inventory costs to the bare minimum. adapt to changing demand patterns, rather than depend on sales forecasts.
As part of the push supply chain strategy, decisions regarding when products are manufactured and shipped are based on anticipated demand from customers. For seasonal goods, the traditional push supply chain strategy is used.
Where are push-pull strategies used?The business terms "push" and "pull" were first used in supply chain management and logistics, but they are also frequently used in marketing and the hotel distribution industry.
What are the benefits and drawbacks of a supply chain that is based on push?Long-term planning, readily available stock, economies of scale, and the ability to plan and control more are the main benefits of this strategy. However, a push strategy's main flaw is that it takes a long time to respond to market shifts.
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if you were a hiring manager, how could you choose candidates to minimize the influence of gender or racial stereotypes in your hiring decision?
The number of years you have worked in the field will probably be used by hiring managers to compare two candidates.
How to make your hiring process free of unconscious bias
Eliminate any gendered language, introduce difficulties for blind skills, Make decisions based on data, Promote roles on new platforms, Make sure the interviewing process is organized, Have a hiring committee, Eliminating unintentional prejudice. Most likely, you receive the "extra points" if you have more extensive related experience. Therefore, as a candidate, you must demonstrate to the hiring managers that you have substantial experience in the field. The Society for Human Resources Management (SHRM) advises adopting structured interviews, in which applicants are asked the same set of predetermined questions that concentrate on factors that directly affect job performance.
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which of the following does not belong to the authors' list of least developed strategic thinking competencies? select one: a. scanning b. visioning c. reframing d. paying attention to detail e. making common sense f. systems thinking clear my choice check
Making common sense does not belong to the authors' list of least developed strategic thinking competencies.
What is the focus of strategic thinking ?
Finding and developing special opportunities to add value for your organisation is the focus of strategic thinking. The phrase has historically been abused and misused, and too frequently, strategic planning exercises are ineffective.
Understanding your place in the market is one of the five characteristics of strategic thinkers, along with focusing on the goal, comprehending past, present, and future events, asking the right questions, and spotting opportunities. These abilities foster creative thinking and foster the expansion of businesses.
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what is an elevator doing when it sells cash grain and buys futures? establishing a speculative position establishing a buy basis setting a spread establishing a sell basis
The elevator sets the spread when it sells grain for cash and buys futures markets. as per the given statement in question.
What is the futures market?
A futures market is an auction market where participants trade futures and commodity contracts for delivery on predetermined dates in the future. Futures are exchange-traded derivative contracts that guarantee the delivery of a commodity or asset at a price set today, regardless of when it is delivered.
Commodity producers and suppliers use futures contracts to try to reduce market volatility. With an investor willing to accept both the risk and the reward of a volatile market, these manufacturers and suppliers negotiate contracts.
Futures markets are not only used for agricultural contracts; they are also used to buy, sell and hedge financial products including interest rate futures.
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using revenue as an allocation base, the amount of costs allocated to the lower school is calculated to be:
Using revenue as an allocation base, the amount of costs allocated to the lower school is calculated to be Amount allocated to upper school = 1000000/2500*900 i.e 360000.
Revenue, which is determined by multiplying the average sales price by the quantity of units sold, is the money made through regular business activities. The top line (or gross income) figure is what is used to calculate net income by deducting costs. Sales are another name for revenue in the income statement.
Revenue is the cash that a firm generates via its operations. Depending on the accounting technique used, there are several ways to compute revenue. Sales made on credit will be included as revenue for products or services provided to the client under accrual accounting. Revenue may be recognized in accordance with certain standards even though payment has not yet been made.
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if revenues are credited, which of the following situations occurred? a.) the company takes out a $5,000 loan from the bank. b.) the company runs a promotion for $25 off your first rental. c.) the company earns $1,000 in interest on its investments. d.) the company has to pay $500 for repairs to its car lift.
If revenues are credited, which of the following situations occurred the company earns $1,000 in interest on its investments.
What are revenues?
Revenue in accounting refers to the entire amount of money made through the sale of products and services that are essential to the company's core operations. The term "commercial revenue" can also refer to sales or turnover. The term "revenue" can refer to income in general or the amount earned during a specific period of time, as in "Last year, Company X had revenue of $42 million." Some businesses receive revenue via interest, royalties, or other fees. The general definition of profits or net income is total revenue less total expenses for a specific time period.
Sales revenue is the income obtained from selling goods or services over a period of time. In general usage, revenue is the entire amount of income obtained by the sale of goods or services related to the company's operations.
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a stock has a beta of 1.1, the expected return on the market is 10.4 percent, and the risk-free rate is 4.75 percent. what must the expected return on this stock be?
The expected return on stock with beta 1.1, return on the market as 10.4 percent and risk-free rate as 4.75 percent will be 10.97 %.
Write a short note on CAPM.The relationship between expected return for assets, particularly stocks, and systematic risk, or the general dangers of investing, is described by the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).
The needed return on an investment and risk are connected linearly under this financial model. The equity risk premium, or the expected return on the market less the risk-free rate, is the foundation of the concept. It is based on the link between an asset's beta, the risk-free rate (usually the rate on Treasury bills), and these two variables.
To quantify this systematic risk, the CAPM was created. Given the risk involved with the assets and the cost of capital, it is frequently used in finance to value hazardous securities and calculate expected returns.
To solve the question :
Converting all the values to decimal y multiplying by 100
Risk free rate = 4.75/100
= 0.475
Return on market = 10.4/100
= 0.104
The expected return on stock :
[tex]r_{i} = r_{f} + (r_{m} -r_{f} )\beta _{i}[/tex]
Where,
[tex]r_{i}[/tex] = expected return on stock
[tex]r_{f}[/tex] = risk-free rate
[tex]r_{m}[/tex] = return on the market
[tex]\beta_ {i}[/tex] = beta
Then,
[tex]r_{i}[/tex] = .0475 + (.1040 - .0475)(1.10)
[tex]r_{i}[/tex] = .1097, or 10.97%
Therefore, the expected return on this stock is 10.97 %
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