Answer:
A feature called an atomic orbital describes the wave-like behavior of a bound electron.
Explanation:
Each orbital has its own set of quantum numbers such as energy, angular momentum and angular momentum projection, and there is only a distinct set of such orbitals around the nucleus.
When you have a free metal ion, how do the energies of these orbitals relate to one another (are they the same, different, etc.)?
Answer:
The energy of the orbitals are the same
Explanation:
For a free metal ion, all the d-orbitals are of the same energy. The five d-orbitals are said to be five fold degenerate in the free metal ion. Hence all the d-orbitals will possess the same energy irrespective of which one is first filled.
In an octahedral or tetrahedral crystal field, the d-orbitals will loose their degeneracy and become different in energy based on their orientation towards the ligands.
Calculate the energy of a photon emitted when an electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from n=4 to n=1.energy emitted:
Answer:
[tex]\mathbf{\Delta E = 2.042 \times 10^{-19} \ J}[/tex]
Explanation:
Using the Rydberg expression to calculate the change in energy of a photon emitted, we have :
[tex]\Delta E = R ( \dfrac{1}{n_f^2}-\dfrac{1}{n_i^2})[/tex]
where;
R = Rydberg constant = [tex]2.178 \times 10 {-18} \ J[/tex]
[tex]n_f[/tex] = 1 and [tex]n_i[/tex] = 4
replacing our values into equation, we get:
[tex]\Delta E = 2.178 \times 10^{-19} (\dfrac{1}{1^2}-\dfrac{1}{4^2})[/tex]
[tex]\Delta E = 2.178 \times 10^{-19} (\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{16})[/tex]
[tex]\Delta E = 2.178 \times 10^{-19} (\dfrac{15}{16})[/tex]
[tex]\mathbf{\Delta E = 2.042 \times 10^{-19} \ J}[/tex]
Compute the equilibrium constant for the spontaneous reaction between
Ni2+(aq) and Cd(s).
Express your answer using two significant figures.
Answer:
9.8 × 10^21
Explanation:
Equation of the reaction;
Cd(s) + Ni^2+(aq) ----> Cd^2+(aq) + Ni(s)
E°cell= E°cathode - E°anode
E°cathode= -0.25 V
E°anode = -0.40 V
E°cell= -0.25 - (-0.40)
E°cell = 0.65 V
∆G= -nFE°cell
∆G= -(2 × 96500 × 0.65)
∆G = -125450 J
From;
∆G= -RTlnK
lnK = ∆G/-RT
K= e^∆G/-RT
K= e^-[-(125450/8.314 × 298)]
K= 9.78 × 10^21
Know about the first model of the atom.
Answer:
The ancient Greeks were the first to use the word atom,which means indivisible,to describe the smallest particle of any substance. Its actual existence was not established until yhe nineteenth century when John Dalton, an English chemist,put forward a theory to describe the nature of the atom.The atom is now considered to be the basic unit of simple substances or elements.An atom is the smallest particle of an element which can take part in a chemical reaction or an atom is the smallest part of an element that can ever exist and still possess the chemical properties of that element.
For the equilibrium PCl5(g)⇌PCl3(g)+Cl2(g), the equilibrium constant Kp is 0.497 at 500K. A gas cylinder at 500K is charged with PCl5(g) at an initial pressure of 1.66atm. Determine the equilibrium pressure of all species at this temperature.
Answer:
[tex]p_{PCl_3}=0.693atm\\\\p_{Cl_2}=0.693atm\\\\p_{PCl_5}=0.967atm[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the given reaction, the equilibrium expression is:
[tex]Kp=\frac{p_{PCl_3}p_{Cl_2}}{p_{PCl_5}}[/tex]
But in terms of the reaction extent [tex]x[/tex] can also be written as:
[tex]Kp=\frac{x*x}{p_0-x}[/tex]
Whereas the initial pressure is 1.66 atm. Thus, we write:
[tex]0.497=\frac{x^2}{1.66atm-x}[/tex]
And solving for [tex]x[/tex] we obtain:
[tex]x=0.693atm[/tex]
Therefore, the pressure of each species at equilibrium is:
[tex]p_{PCl_3}=x=0.693atm\\\\p_{Cl_2}=x=0.693atm\\\\p_{PCl_5}=1.66atm-0.693atm=0.967atm[/tex]
Best regards.
The human body burns glucose for energy according to this chemical reaction: The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide and water . Interestingly, all of the carbon dioxide and much of the water exits the body through the lungs: on every breath, the average person exhales of air, which is typically enriched to and water vapor by volume. In short, when a person loses weight by dieting, the weight that is lost actually departs his body as a gas, every time he exhales. Each kilogram of body fat lost requires exhaling about of carbon dioxide. Calculate how many breaths it takes an average person to "exhale" of fat. Round your answer to the nearest thousand. You'll need to know that the density of is .
Answer:
The average persons requires 75000 breaths to exhale 1.0 Kg of fat
Explanation:
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question is given below:
"The human body burns glucose (C6H1206) for energy according to this chemical reaction:
C6H1206 + 602----> 6CO2 + 6H20
The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H20). Interestingly, all of the carbon dioxide and much of the water exits the body through the lungs: on every breath, the average person exhales 500 mL of air, which is typically enriched to 4% CO2 and 5% water vapor by volume. In short, when a person loses weight by dieting, the weight that is lost actually departs his body as a gas, every time he exhales. Each kilogram of body fat lost requires exhaling about 3.0 kg of carbon dioxide. Calculate how many breaths it takes an average person to "exhale" 1.00 kg of fat. Round your answer to the nearest thousand. You'll need to know that the density of CO2 is 2.0 kg/m³”.
Volume of air exhaled on average per breath = 500 mL
Volume of CO2 exhaled per breath = 4/100 × 500 = 20 mL
Since, 1000000 mL = 1 m³;
20 mL = 0.00002 m³
3.0 kg of CO2 is exhaled per Kg of fat.
Density of CO2 = 2.0 Kg/m³
Volume = mass/density
Volume of 3.0 Kg CO2 = 3.0/2.0 = 1.5 m³
Number of breaths that will have a volume of 1.5 m³ = 1.5/0.00002 = 75000 breaths.
For an assignment, Alexis has to write a scientific question. She writes, "How much money should be spent to research brain cancer?" How can she best rewrite this question so it is a scientific question
Answer:
D will brain cancer eventually be curable?
Explanation:
Answer:
Do foods that contain a high amount of fat cause brain cancer?
Explanation:
Do foods that contain a high amount of fat cause brain cancer?
A piece of wood that measures 3.0 cm x 6.0 cm x 4.0 cm has a mass of 80.0 g. What is the density of the word? With a piece of wood float in the water? Volume equals length times with times height
Answer : The density of wood is 1.11 g/cm³.
The piece of wood will not float in water.
Explanation : Given,
Mass of wood = 80.0 g
Length of piece of wood = 3.0 cm
Width of piece of wood = 6.0 cm
Height of piece of wood = 4.0 cm
First w have to calculate the volume of wood.
Volume of wood = Length × Width × Height
Volume of wood = 3.0 cm × 6.0 cm × 4.0 cm
Volume of wood = 72.0 cm³
Now we have to calculate the density of wood.
[tex]\text{Density of wood}=\frac{\text{Mass of wood}}{\text{Volume of wood}}[/tex]
Now putting all the given values in this formula, we get:
[tex]\text{Density of wood}=\frac{80.0g}{72.0cm^3}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Density of wood}=1.11g/cm^3[/tex]
As we know that there are two conditions to determine whether the object will float or sink in a liquid.
If the density of object is less than water then the object will float on water.If the density of object is more than water then the object will sink in water.The density of water is 1 g/cm³.
From this we conclude that the density of wood is more than water that means the wood will sink in water.
What is the final product of the following sequence of reactions? (CH3NCHOH PBr3 Mg diethyl ether 1) L N PCC 2) H3O * CH2Cl2 A) (CH3)2CHOCH2CH2OH. B) (CH3)2CHCCH3C) (CH3)2CHCH2CHO.D) (CH3)2CHCH2CO2H.
Answer:
(CH3)2CHCH2CHO
Explanation:
The reaction sequence begins with the reaction of isopropanol with phosphorus tribromide to yield isopropyl bromide. This is followed by reaction with Magnesium in ether solution giving a grignard reagent, isopropyl magnesium bromide. This is now attacked by oxirane and the epoxide ring opens, hydrolysis of the product, followed by oxidation using pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) yields the final product- (CH3)2CHCH2CHO
The detailed reaction mechanism is attached to this answer.
An important industrial route to extremely pure acetic acid is the reaction of methanol with carbon monoxide: h5sil950 Use bond energies to calculate the heat of reaction.
Answer:
This is an exothermic reaction.
Explanation:
You can calculate the reaction using the calculation below:
ΔH reac= 3(413Kj/mol) +358Kj/mol +467 Kj/mol +1070 kj/mol = 3134 kj/mol
ΔH prod = 3(413 kj/mol) + 347 kj/mol + 358kj/mol +467kj/mol +745 kj/mol = 3156kj/mol
ΔH = 3134 kj/mol - 3156kj/mol = -22 Kj/mol
Negative results indicate an exothermic reaction.
An image of the reaction is attached below.
The heat of the reaction has been -22 kJ/mol. The negative sign has been the indication of the exothermic reaction.
The heat of reaction has been given as the amount of energy absorbed or released by the system to form the products.
The heat of reaction has been given by:
[tex]\Delta H=\Delta H_{reactant}-\Delta H_{product}[/tex]
The heat of reaction has been calculated based on the bond energies. The energy constituent by each bond in the reactant has been the heat of the reactant, and the energy of product has been the heat of product.
The heat of reactant has been given as:The reactant molecules have been [tex]\rm CH_3OH[/tex] and [tex]\rm C\equiv O[/tex].
The bond energy of the reactant has been:
[tex]\Delta H_{reactant}=3\;\times \;\text {C-H}\;+\;\text{C-O + O-H}+\;\text C\equiv \text O\\ \Delta H_{reactant}=3\;\times \;413\;+\;358+467+1070\;\text{kJ/mol}\\ \Delta H_{reactant}=3134\;\text{kJ/mol}[/tex]
The heat of reactant has been 3134 kJ/mol.
The heat of product has been given as:The product molecule has been [tex]\rm CH_3COOH[/tex]
The bond energy of the product has been:
[tex]\Delta H_{product}=3\;\times \;\text {C-H}\;+\;\text{C-O + O-H +\;C-C}+\;\text C=\text O\\\Delta H_{reactant}=3\;\times \;413\;+\;358+467+\;347\;+\;745\;\text{kJ/mol}\\\Delta H_{reactant}=3156\;\text{kJ/mol}[/tex]
The heat of product has been 3156 kJ/mol.
The heat of reaction has been given as:
[tex]\Delta H=\Delta H_{reactant}-\Delta H_{product}\\ \Delta H=3134-3156\;\text{kJ/mol}\\ \Delta H=-22\;\rm kJ/mol[/tex]
The heat of the reaction has been -22 kJ/mol. The negative sign has been the indication of the exothermic reaction.
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A typical adult human body contains approximately 2.500 L of blood plasma. How many grams of blood plasma are in the typical adult human body? The density of blood plasma is 1.03 g/mL.
Answer:
[tex]m=2.575g[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since the density is defined as the ratio of the mass and volume:
[tex]\rho =\frac{m}{V}[/tex]
We can compute the mass of blood as follows:
[tex]m=\rho *V=1.03g/L*2.500L\\\\m=2.575g[/tex]
Best regards.
emily measures the temperature of a bowl of water to be 9 degrees celsius. Later she tells her friend that the water has become hot. What is the most likely temperature
of the water
Answer:
The answer is 22 degrees celsius. which is D.
Explanation:
Hot:84-99 F (29-37.5 C) Warm:70-84 F (21-29 C) Cool:55-69 F (13-21 C) Cold: Below 55 F (Below 13 C)
Answer: 22
Explanation: UsaTestPrep
0.0075 mole of calcium trioxocarbonate(IV) is
added to 0.015 mole of a solution of hydrochloric
acid. The volume of gas evolved at stp is?
Answer:
0.0075÷0.015=0.5 not so sure lol
Indicate the ionic species that predominates at pH 4, 8, and 11 for (a) ammonia and (b) phosphoric acid.
This is really hard help pls
The answers are A. Pseudoscience is often based only on opinions; D. Pseudoscience often involves explanations of beliefs; E. Pseudoscience includes subjective ideas.
Explanation:
Pseudosciences comprises disciplines or theories that do not follow scientific standards but claim to be factual. This includes areas such as clairvoyance or astrology because this is not based on evidence but subjectivity. Indeed, the base of most pseudosciences are personal beliefs, opinions, or subjective ideas. Moreover, complex theories or methods are created to try to explain these beliefs, but because they do not follow scientific standards they are not considered as valid. In this context, options A, D, and E are correct.
A piece of metal with a mass of 150 g is placed in a 50 mL graduated cylinder. The water level rises from 20 mL to 45mL. What is the volume of the metal? and what is the density of the metal
Answer:
volume = 15
density = 10
Explanation:
mass = 150 grams
volume = 45 - 20 = 15
density = mass / volume
density = 150 / 15 = 10
Determine the rate law according to the following data. [H2] (M) [NO] (M) Rate (M/s) Trial 1 0.35 0.30 2.835 x 10-3 Trial 2 0.35 0.60 1.134 x 10-2 Trial 3 0.70 0.60 2.268 x 10-2
Answer:
rate = k [H2O] [NO]²
Explanation:
[H2] (M) [NO] (M) Rate (M/s)
Trial 1 0.35 0.30 2.835 x 10-3
Trial 2 0.35 0.60 1.134 x 10-2
Trial 3 0.70 0.60 2.268 x 10-2
Comparing Trial 1 and 2 , the rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 4 when the concentration of NO was doubled. This means that the reaction is second order with respect to NO
Comparing Trial 2 and Trial 3, the rate of reaction increased by a factor of 2 when the concentration of H2O was doubled. This means that the reaction is first order with respect to H2O
The rate law fr the reaction is given as;
rate = k [H2O] [NO]²
3. A block with a volume of 82.1 cm3 is made out of pure tin (Sn). If the mass of the block is
600. g, what is the density of the block?
Answer:
The answer is
7.3 g/cm³Explanation:
Density of a substance is given by
[tex]Density(\rho) = \frac{mass}{volume} [/tex]From the question
mass of block = 600 g
volume = 82.1 cm³
Substitute the values into the above formula and solve for the Density
That's
[tex]Density = \frac{600}{82.1} \\ = 7.3081607[/tex]We have the final answer as
7.3 g/cm³ to one decimal placeHope this helps you
how many atoms are in 3.05 grams of copper?
6.02 x10^23 atom
3.5g x 1mol/63.55g Cu x 6.02 x 10^23/ 1mol=
3.32 x 10^22 atoms
This equation shows the reaction of trans-2,3-dimethyloxirane with hydrogen chloride to form 3-chloro-2-butanol.
how many total stereoisomer are possible for 3-Chloro-2-butanol?
Given that opening of the epoxide ring in this reaction is stereoselective, provide the names of the only two isomeric products using IUPAC guidelines.
Product one: _______ 3-chloro-2-butanol
Product two: _______3-chloro-2-butanol
Answer:
Product one: (2S, 3R)-3-chloro-2-butanol
Product two: (3S, 2R)-3-chloro-2-butanol
Explanation:
The IUPAC name of the products following IUPAC guidelines are :
Product one: (2S, 3R)-3-chloro-2-butanol
Product two: (3S, 2R)-3-chloro-2-butanol
attached below is a pictorial representation of the formation of the 3-chloro-2-butanol via backside attack of Nucleophile
the rate of disappearance of Br- at some moment in time was determined to be 3.5 x 10-4 M/s. What is the rate of appearance of Br2 at that same moment
Answer:
1.8 × 10⁻⁴ mol M/s
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced reaction
2 Br⁻ ⇒ Br₂
Step 2: Establish the appropriate molar ratio
The molar ratio of Br⁻ to Br₂ is 2:1.
Step 3: Calculate the rate of appearance of Br₂
The rate of disappearance of Br⁻ at some moment in time was determined to be 3.5 × 10⁻⁴ M/s. The rate of appearance of Br₂ is:
3.5 × 10⁻⁴ mol Br⁻/L.s × (1 mol Br₂/2 mol Br⁻) = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴ mol Br₂/L.s
What is the mass, in grams, of a pure iron cube that has a volume of 4.80 cm3?
Answer:
In order to determine the mass of a substance given the volume, we require the density. The density of iron is 7.87 grams/cm³
Density = mass / volume
Mass = density * volume
Mass = 7.87 * 4.8
37.776 grams of iron are present in the cube
The density of the substance represents the relation of the mass to the volume of the substance. The mass of a pure iron cube of density 7.87 grams/cm³ is calculated to be 37.632 grams.
What are mass and density?Mass is the amount of the substance contained that when gets divided by the volume in liters, milliliters or cubic centimeters gives the density of the substance. The mass of the substance can be in grams, kilograms, milligrams, etc.
The mass (m) is the multiplication product of the density (D) and volume (V) of the substance. Mass measures the amount whereas density measures the space occupied by the volume of the substance.
Given,
Density of iron cube (D) = 7.87 grams/cm³
Volume of cube (V) = 4.80 cm³
The formula is given as:
Density = mass ÷ volume
Mass = density × volume
Substituting values from above, the mass in grams of the iron cube is calculated as:
mass = 7.87 grams/cm³ × 4.80 cm³
mass = 37.632 grams
Therefore, the iron cube with a density of 7.87 grams/cm³ has a mass of 37.632 grams.
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D. The density of cork is approximately 0.24 g/cm^ 3 Convert this density to nanograms per cubic millimeter
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Because jwbahaggagqhhwjwjja
If there are 17.5 grams of sugar in 225 grams of an aqueous sugar solution, the percent-mass sugar is
Answer:
% m/m (sugar) = 7.77 %
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Mass of sugar (solute): 17.5 g
Mass of solution: 225 g
Step 2: Calculate the percent by mass of sugar
The percent by mass of sugar is equal to the mass of sugar divided by the mass of the solution times 100%.
% m/m (sugar) = (mass of sugar / mass of solution) × 100%
% m/m (sugar) = (17.5 g / 225 g) × 100%
% m/m (sugar) = 7.77 %
Blue light waves have more energy than red light waves. Which of theses situations most likely produces a photoelectric effect? You may assume that the same metal is used in each situation. Check all that apply.
-shining dim red light on a strip of metal
-shining bright red light on a strip of metal
-shining dim blue light on a strip of metal
-shining bright blue light on a strip of metal
The correct options are: shining dim blue light on a strip of metal, and
shining bright blue light on a strip of metal produces a photoelectric
effect. Hence, option (C) and (D) are correct
What is Photoeletric effect ?The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a metallic surface when light of determined frequency shines over the metallic surface.
The electrons are ejected from the metal surface when the frequency of the incident light beam reaches a minimum frequency (threshold).
The frequency of light is related to the color of light (not with the intensity).
The red light is at the lower frequency end and the violet light at the higher frequency end of the spectrum of visible light.
That condition is considered in the given statement when it tells that "Blue light waves have more energy than red light waves" , since the frequency is directly related to the energy, by the Planck equation:
Energy of a photon (light) = Planck constant × frequency.
The intensity of the light (if the light is dim or bright) does not influence the photoelectric effect.
Hence, you conclude that the light with more energy (the blue light) either dime or bright will most likely produce the photoelectric effect.
That is why the correct options are:
shining dim blue light on a strip of metal, andshining bright blue light on a strip of metalLearn more about Photoelectric effect here ;
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Draw the Lewis structure for ammonia, NH3. Include lone pairs. In the Lewis structure:_______.
1) Nitrogen has a lone pair of electrons.
2) Nitrogen has three bonding pairs of electrons.
3) Each hydrogen has a bonding pair of electrons.
4) All of the above.
Answer:
4) All of the above.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, considering the attached picture wherein the Lewis dot structure is drawn, we realize that the nitrogen has a lone par of electrons, whereas the other three valence electrons are bonded with the three hydrogen atoms in order to obey the octet rule and form three bonding pairs for nitrogen and one bonding pair per hydrogen. Therefore, answer is 4) All of the above.
Regards.
A 1.000 g sample of nitrogen combined with a 0.0720 g sample of hydrogen
to form N2H2. What compound is formed if 1.000 g of nitrogen combines
with 0.2160 g of hydrogen?
N2H6
NH3
NH4+
N4H4
Answer:
The answer is NH3.
Explanation:
The N2H2 (O hydrazine) is formed when from the synthesis of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide.
Or also formed when a 1,000g sample of nitrogen is combined with a 7.2 x10∧-2 sample of hydrogen.
0.2160 of hydrogen is 3 times 7.2 x10∧-2.
It means that the compound would look like:
N2H6.
But in chemistry, if there are divisible numbers in a compound, they must be divided:
NH3.
in the presence of oxygen and in the absence of ADP, what occurs if the uncoupler 2,5 dinitrophenol is added to a suspension ofnormal
Answer:
Oxidation Occurs after the addition of the uncoupler 2,5 dinitrophenol
Explanation:
The chemical compound that is Dinitrophenol (DNP). The compound has the chemical formula of HOC6H3(NO2)2. The compound helps during Adenosine triphosphate synthesis by making sure that there is enough hydrogen ion for the synthesis.
Therefore, if the " presence of oxygen and in the absence of ADP". Thus, When the uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol is added to a suspension of normal mitochondria five minutes after an oxidizable substrate has been added, there is going to be OXIDATION ON THE SUBSTRATE AFTER THE ADDITION WHICH IS GOING TO BE RAPID AFTER SOME TIME.
Which statement is TRUE regarding the macroscopic and
microscopic nature of chemistry?
Chemists make observations on the macroscopic
a scale that lead to conclusions about microscopic
features
b
Changes that occur on the macroscopic scale affect
what we observe on the microscopic scale
Chemists make observations on the microscopic
C scale that lead to conclusions about macroscopic
features
d Chemists are only concerned with macroscopic
changes and features
Answer:
Chemists make observations on the macroscopic a scale that lead to conclusions about microscopic features
Explanation:
Many important chemical observations are made on the macroscopic scale. This is because, many of the scientific equipments available are not presently able to provide direct evidence about microscopic processes. Evidences obtained from macroscopic observations could serve as important insights into the nature of certain microscopic processes.
This is evident in the study of the structure of the atom. Most of the evidences that led to the deduction of the atomic structure were obtained from macroscopic evidence but ultimately provided important information about the microscopic structure of the atom.
It is true that Chemists make observations on the macroscopic scale that lead to conclusions about microscopic features.
Macroscopic observations are those that humans are able to see with their naked eyes.
Observing macroscopic phenomenon, scientists are able to come up with conclusions at a microscopic level because anything that happens at the macroscopic level is as a result of microscopic occurrences on a much smaller level.
Examples of macroscopic occurrences that lead to microscopic conclusions:
Water evaporating when heated allows scientists to conclude that atoms move faster when they gain heat Food decaying allows scientists to conclude that microscopic organisms are working on the food.In conclusion, the observations we make on a macroscopic scale allow for microscopic conclusions.
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ΚΕ:
m.22
2
What is the kinetic energy of 10kg dog running with a velocity of 12m/s?
Answer:
The answer is
720 JoulesExplanation:
The kinetic energy of a body can be found by using the formula
[tex]K.E = \frac{1}{2} {mv}^{2} [/tex]where
m is the mass
v is the velocity / speed
From the question
mass = 10 kg
velocity = 12 m/s
Substitute the values into the above formula and solve
That's
[tex]KE = \frac{1}{2} \times 10 \times {12}^{2} \\ = 5 \times 144 \: \: [/tex]We have the final answer as
720 JoulesHope this helps you