What mass of each reactant would be needed to produce 100.0 kg of methanol in CO + H2 = CH3OH

Answer:

b.Independent variable

Explanation:

The independent variable is the one that is changed by the scientist. To insure a fair test, a good experiment has only one independent variable. As the scientist changes the independent variable, he or she records the data that they collect.

.

a) The number of moles of LiOH in 1.0L of 0.25M LiOH is 0.25.

b)  The mole-to-mole ratio of LiOH to OH⁻ is  1:1.

c) The number of moles of  OH⁻ ions in 1.0L of 0.25M LiOH is 0.25.

d) The pH is equal to 13.39.

A mole can be defined as a unit for the measurement of a huge number of entities of atoms, molecules, ions, or other particular particles.  The number of entities constitute in one mole is equal to 6.023 × 10 ²³ which is known as Avogadro’s constant.

The dissociation of LiOH in water is as:

LiOH (aq) →  Li⁺(aq)  + OH⁻(aq)

The mole-to-mole ratio of LiOH to OH- in the balanced chemical equation is 1 : 1 as one mole of LiOH produces one mole of OH⁻ ions.

Given, the number of concentrations of LiOH solution = 0.25 M

The volume of the solution  = 1.0 L

The number of moles of LiOH = Molarity ×Volume

n = 0.25 × 1

n = 0.25 mol of LiOH

The number of moles of ions of OH⁻ from LiOH = 0.25 mol

We know that pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 -pOH

pH = 14 - (-log [OH⁻])

pH = 14 + log (0.25)

pH = 13.39

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Answer:

Strontium is a chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38. Classified as an alkaline earth metal, Strontium is a solid at room temperature.

Explanation:

1.34 x 10^{-3} is the concentration of NH4 .

What is pH ?

pH, a quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions. Widely used in chemistry, biology, and agriculture, this term translates the concentration value of hydrogen ions. This typically ranges from about 1 to 10-14 gram equivalents per liter. Converted to a number between 0 and 14. At neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline), the concentration of hydrogen ions is 10−7 gram equivalents per liter, which corresponds to a pH of 7. Solutions below pH 7 are considered acidic. Solutions with a pH greater than 7 are considered basic or alkaline.

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Answer: 17.5 %

Write the equation for relative Atomic mass in terms of an ( 'a' being one isotope's mass) and solve for x:

88.7 = [tex]\frac{(a * 88) + ((100 - a) * 92)}{100}[/tex]

8870 = 88*a + 9200 - 92 * a

4*a = 330

a = 82.5

Find the value of b using a,

100 - a = b

100 - 82.5 = b

b = 17.5

So, the % abundance for the isotope with mass number 88 is 82.5% and the % abundance for the isotope with mass number 92 is 17.5% .

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The reaction given below shows a balanced incomplete combustion reaction:

B. 2 C₅H₁₂ + 11 O₂--> 10 CO + 12 H₂O

A combustion reaction is a reaction that involves substances reacting exothermically with oxygen to release large amounts of heat and light energy.

Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon.

Hydrogen combusts completely in oxygen to produce carbon(iv) oxide and water.

However, the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon (ii) oxide and water instead carbon(iv) oxide and water.

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The concentration of the unknown [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] solution would be 0.0368 M

The equation of the reaction is as follows:

[tex]H3PO_4(aq)+3NaOH(aq)--- > 3H_2O(l)+Na_3PO_4(aq)[/tex]

The mole ratio of the  [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] solution to the NaOH solution is 1:3.

But 0.140 M, 25.24 mL of NaOH was used.

Recall that: mole = molarity x volume (in Liters)

Mole of 0.140 M, 25.24 mL of NaOH = 0.140 x 25.24/1000

                                                             = 0.0035336 mol

Following the mole ratio, the equivalent mole of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] would be:

0.0035336 /3 = 0.00117786666

Recall that: molarity = mol/volume (in Liters)

Molarity of 0.00117786666 mol, 32.00 mL [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] = 0.00117786666/0.032

                                                                                  = 0.0368 M

In other words, the molarity of the [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex] solution to 3 significant figures is 0.0368 M.

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When heat is added to the water molecules there is an increase in temperature causing the water molecules to gain kinetic energy and move more rapidly. The water molecules will then move further apart resulting in an increase in the water volume.

The water molecule is said to be composed of two hydrogen atoms, each linked by a single chemical bond to an oxygen atom.

When heat is added to water molecules, it can result in;

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The heat that is released by the 1.39 Kg of pentane is 58518 kJ.

We know that the combustion of pentane is an exothermic reaction because heat is released in the process. We have to look to the  balanced thermochemical reaction equation for the combustion of pentane.

Given that the number of moles of the pentane that is burnt here =  1.39 * 10^3 g/72 g/mol

= 19.3 moles

Now;

If we require 3032 kJ of energy to burn one mole of pentane

If we have 19.3 moles of pentane then we have;

19.3 moles *  3032 kJ/ 1 mole

= 58518 kJ

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In order to reconstruct Geologic History, geological principles must be used. Some of the principles of Geology used are:

Principle of Superposition: In a given vertical arrangement of undisturbed sedimentary layers of the flow of lava, the oldest layers are usually the first from the bottom up and the youngest are the first from top down. [See Image A]

Horizontality: Usually rock sediments are first deposited in an approximately horizontal manner. Where deformations such as folds and tilts are observed, it is a result of deformation which comes after deposition.

Inclusion: All Inclusions that are not part of the rock formation are deemed to be older that the rock formation.

Metamorphism: A hot magma intrusion "bakes" the somewhat colder surrounding rock. The rock that is cooked during this Contact Metamorphism procedure must be older.

Cross- Cu.tt.ing Relations: If one geological feature cuts over another, the cut feature is older.

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Copper metal plus zinc sulfate solution : is not  possible because the copper metal is less reactive than zinc and copper cannot displace the zinc.

The copper metal with zinc sulfate reaction is not possible because copper is less reactive than the zinc cant cannot displace the zinc. so, the reaction :

Cu + ZnSO₄ ---->    no reaction

but the zinc plus copper sulfate is possible , copper is less reactive than zinc and zinc can displace the copper . and the reaction is called as displacement reaction the reacion is given as :

CuSO₄   +   Zn   ----->    ZnSO₄    +   Cu

Thus, Copper metal plus zinc sulfate solution : is not  possible because the copper metal is less reactive than zinc and copper cannot displace the zinc.

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-18,037.5  are joules are needed to increase the temperature of 150 g of water from 313K to 338 K.

What is joules?

In the International System of Units (SI), a joule is a unit of work or energy equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting through one metre. It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule and equals 107 ergs, or about 0.7377 foot-pounds. The joule is equal to one watt-second in electrical terms, which is the amount of energy released in one second by a current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm.

The distinction between heat and temperature can be difficult to grasp. Heat is essentially the total amount of kinetic energy that a substance's molecules contain, and it is measured in joules (J). Temperature is measured in degrees and is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the individual molecules. When the same quantity of heat is applied to different materials, the temperature rises at varying rates depending on the substance's specific heat capacity. If you know the amount of the substance and its specific heat capacity, you may determine the final temperature.

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Explanation:

as the number of shell increased the size of the atom increase but the same shell with different number of valence electron, as electron number increase the attraction between nucleus and valance electron increased then the atom becomes shrinks and so the size of it decreased.

The mass of the Helium that is produced is 860 Kg.

We know that we must first be able to obtain the number of moles of the Helium gas from the ideal gas equation and that is the first step in our solution.

Thus we have;

Volume of the gas = 1.85×10^5 ft3 or 5.23 * 10^6 L

Temperature of the gas =  23 ∘C + 273 = 296 K

Pressure of the gas =  1.0 atm

Number of moles of the gas = ??

Gas constant = 0.082 atmLK-1mol-1

Then;

PV = nRT

P = pressure of the gas

V = volume of the gas

n = Number of moles of the gas

R = gas constant

T = temperature

n = PV/RT

n =  1.0 atm *  5.23 * 10^6 L/0.082 atmLK-1mol-1 * 296 K

n = 5.23 * 10^6/24.27

n = 2.15 * 10^5 moles

Mass of the Helium = 2.15 * 10^5 moles * 4 g/mol = 860 Kg

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Answer:

Third choice

Explanation

Because reactivity of the elements decrease across the periodic table and it depends on the number of protons it has. Hence low number of protons more reactive.

Reactivity of these elements as follow

Calcium > Magnesium > Beryllium

What is valance electron?

A valence electron is an electron connected with an atom and capable of participating in the formation of a chemical bond; in a single covalent connection, both atoms contribute one valence electron to form a shared pair. The existence of valence electrons can affect the element's chemical characteristics and ability to bind with other elements: a valence electron can only be in the outermost electron shell of a main group element.

The valence shell, also known as the valence orbital, is the orbital found in the atom's outermost area. These valence shells contain electrons known as valence electrons, which are responsible for the chemical process. When one electron is withdrawn or added to this valence shell, the basic goal is to complete the element's octet.

The elements beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), have two electrons in their valence shells, giving them an oxidation state of +2

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16 grams of HCl are in 1 L of 6 M HCl

Number of moles of a substance is actually the ratio of the given mass in the chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of substance. One mole of any substance equals Avogadro's number. It is also used to express concentration units such as mole per liter or molecular weight

Formula for molarity of solute is given as:

Molarity =   moles of solute                

                  Volume of solution in liter

moles of solute = Volume of solution × Molarity

moles of solute = 1L × 6M ⇒ 6moles

Mass of HCl = Number of moles × Molecular weights

                     = 6 × 36.5 ⇒ 16 grams

Therefore the 16 grams of HCl are in 1 L of 6 M HCl

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The practice is the most sustainable is using cloth grocery bags over and over again.

The sustainable practices are the practices which supports the ecological and economic health . the is of plastic bag , paper or cloth bag over and over again . we have to reuse for the shopping purpose. go for the paperless document. cloth bag are reusable and better than a plastic bags. cloth bag will reduces the plastic use and the pollution will also reduce caused by the plastic bags.

Thus, The practice is the most sustainable is using cloth grocery bags over and over again.

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Kinetic energy is increasing, and potential energy is decreasing statement best describes the changes in energy as she begins to descend.

A particle or an object that is in motion has a sort of energy called kinetic energy. An item gains kinetic energy when work, which involves the transfer of energy, is performed on it by generating a net force. Kinetic energy refers to the energy that a moving thing has as a result of its motion.

Motion is kinetic energy. A object's velocity increases with pace. both the kinetic energy of water flowing (hydraulic energy) and the wind (wind energy), which can be used to produce energy. (Kinetic energy) is a type of energy.

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The assumption that an atom is indestructible is refuted by the fact that it can be further split into protons, neutrons, and electrons.

However, an atom is the smallest particle involved in chemical reactions. According to Dalton, every aspect of an element's atoms is the same.

The atom is the smallest unit of matter that may be divided without generating particles with an electrical charge. It is also the smallest material with properties resembling chemical elements. As a result, the atom acts as the basic building block of chemistry. Examine various electron configurations in the electron shells that enclose the atomic nucleus of an atom.

Examine various electron configurations in the electron shells that enclose the atomic nucleus of an atom. An atom is primarily made of space. The rest is made up of a positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons that is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is small and dense in comparison to electrons, which are the lightest charged particles in nature.

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Yes, because of the liquid's specific heat capacity or heat capacity, different liquids heat up at varying speeds.

Which amount of heat is needed to raise the liquid's temperature by one degree Celsius? When analyzing a mass of 1 kg, the term "heat capacity" or "specific heat capacity" refers to the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of liquid or fluid by 1°C.

area of the body's surface. nature of the body's surface. the body's surface's composition (material effects conductivity through walls of the body).

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According to the given information Group in which no response is expected is a negative control.

The correct option is C.

A scientist may develop the hypothesis that a given type of tomato will be red if it carries the gene for the colour red. The scientist then discovers that every tomato of this variety is red during investigation.

Hypotheses are frequently employed to promote scientific research and enhance knowledge. These clear declarations serve as the cornerstone for all research experiments. Therefore, a problem in the creation of a hypothesis may lead to errors in the design of a whole experiment.

As previously said, a hypothesis serves as a response to the research question and directs the gathering and analysis of data. Researchers can use hypotheses to both identify relationships between variables and forecast relationships based on theoretical principles and/or empirical data.

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Answer:

True.

Explanation:

The set of reactions that best represents the diagram of a precipitation reaction is given below:

Li₂SO₄ (aq) + AgNO₃ (aq)  ---->

The net ionic equation is given below:

SO₄²⁺ (aq) + 2 Ag⁺ (aq)  ----> Ag₂SO₄ (s) (a precipitate)

Precipitation reactions are reactions in which two soluble solutions when they are mixed result in the formation of an insoluble precipitate.

Precipitation reactions rea usually double replacement reactions.

Double replacement reactions also known as double displacement reactions are reactions in which an exchange of radicals occurs between two metallic cations resulting in the formation of an insoluble compound that forms the precipitate observed.

Considering the given reactions and the products obtained:

NH₄Br (aq) + Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₂ (aq) ---> forms no precipitate

KNO₃  (aq) + CuCl₂(aq) ---->  forms no precipitate

Li₂SO₄ (aq) + 2 AgNO₃ (aq)  ---->  2 LiNO₃ (aq) + Ag₂SO₄ (s) (forms a precipitate)

NaClO₄ (aq) + CaCl₂ (aq)  ---->  forms no precipitate

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If we have 37.75 g of S , the number of moles is 1.17 mol.

Given that :

mass of Sulphur , S = 37.75 g

Molar mass of Sulphur , S = 32 g / mol

The number of moles of substances is equals to the ,mass of substance given to the molar mass of that substance.

number of moles = mass / molar mass

number of moles  of sulphur = 37.75 g / 32 g / mol

number of moles of sulphur = 1.17 mol

Thus, If we have 37.75 g of S , the number of moles is 1.17 mol.

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The vapor-pressure lowering, AP, of an aqueous solution is 2.44Torr.

Mole = [tex]\frac{weight}{molecular weight}[/tex]

In a 1.80m (molal) solution, 1 kilogram of the solvent contains 1.80 moles of the solute (which is water in this case).

Water's molar mass is equal to 2(atomic mass of H) + [2(1)+16] (atomic mass of O).

=18g/mol

The mole of water in 1 kilogram (equivalent to 1000 grams)::

[tex]n_{H_{2} O}[/tex]= [tex]\frac{1000}{18g/mol}[/tex] = 55.56mol

The solute's mole fraction in the 1.80 m solution is as follows::

[tex]x_{solute}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{n_{solute} }{n_{H_{2}O }}[/tex]

   ⇒[tex]x_{solute} =[/tex] [tex]\frac{1.80}{55.56}[/tex] = 0.032

a. Sucrose is a non-electrolyte, i.e., it does not undergo dissociation in the aqueous solution.

As a result, the Van't Hoff factor for sucrose is = i = 1

The lowering in vapor pressure of the solution, which is 1.80m in sucrose:

=[tex]ix_{solute}p^{0}[/tex]

=(1)(0.032)(17.54)Torr

=(0.56)Torr

b. Aluminum chloride dissociate in water as follows:

[tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] →[tex]Al^{3+}+ 3Cl^{-}[/tex]

As a result, an aqueous solution containing one aluminum chloride particle yields four more particles.

Thus, i=4

The lowering in vapor pressure is thus:

=[tex]ix_{solute}p^{0}[/tex]

=(4)(0.032)(17.54)Torr

=(2.24)Torr

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Solid potassium (K) conducts an electric current, whereas solid potassium iodide (KI) does not because solid potassium has a delocalized sea of electrons and KI has its cations and anions.

Positively charged potassium and negatively charged iodine combine to form the straightforward inorganic ionic chemical potassium iodide. It is solid at room temperature and resembles sodium chloride or table salt in terms of crystalline structure.

The major uses of potassium iodide are to treat hyperthyroidism and as a dietary supplement for those who are iodine deficient. Additionally, it is utilized as an expectorant to treat asthma and other long-term respiratory disorders, as well as to shield the thyroid gland from radiation.

When potassium iodide is dissolved in water, it splits into cations and anions, enabling free electron movement across the solution. It does not conduct electricity when it is in a dry crystal state, though, like other ionic compounds.

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The number of moles of F₂ is 0.453 mol

The grams of F₂ are present is 17.21 g

given that :

pressure P = 5.2 atm

volume V = 2.55 L

temperature T = ( 273 + 83 ) = 356 K

using the gas equation , we get

PV = nRT

n = PV / RT

n = ( 5.2 × 2.55 ) / (0.0821 × 356)

n = 13.26 / 29.22

n = 0.453 mol

the mass of F₂ = moles × molar mas

                         = 0.453 × 38

                         = 17.21 g

Thus, The number of moles of F₂ is 0.453 mol

The grams of F₂ are present is 17.21 g

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The new volume of the balloon is 26.307L. This can be solved with the help of Charles' law.

What is Charles' law?

According to the Charles' law, the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature at constant pressure.

Here we assume that the pressure is constant in both the cases.

V1/T1 = V2/T2

30.6L/285.15K = V2/245.15K

V2= 26.307L.

Therefore, the new volume at -28 degree Celsius and constant 1 atm pressure is 26.307L according to Charles' law.

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