What passes through the
electron transport chain
AND both photosystems
to create a usable form of
energy for plants?
A. oxygen
B. electrons this is answer
C. pigments

Answer:

The fossil forms that occur in the rocks, however, provide the chief means of establishing a geologic time scale, with the timing of the emergence and disappearance of widespread species from the fossil record being used to delineate the beginnings and endings of ages, epochs, periods, and other intervals.

Answer: The fossil forms that occur in the rocks

Explanation: Trust me

An example of structural adaptation is a spike on a bearded dragon (option A).

Adaptation in biology is an instance of an organism undergoing change, or the structure or behavior that is changed.

Adaptation can either be structural or behavioural depending on the change that occurs:

An adaptation can be structural, meaning it is a physical part of the organism. An adaptation can also be behavioural, affecting the way an organism responds to its environment.

An example of a structural adaptation is the way some plants have adapted to life in dry, hot deserts. Plants called succulents have adapted to this climate by storing water in their short, thick stems and leaves.

Therefore, the possession of spikes on a bearded dragon is an example of structural adaptation.

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All biological organisms contain the crucial chemical ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Consider it the cell's "energy currency." The ATP molecule splits off one of its three phosphates when a cell has to expend energy to complete a task, resulting in the formation of ADP (Adenosine di-phosphate) + phosphate.

In the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and transforms it into chemical energy that is then stored in the form of the energy-trading molecules ATP and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) (adenosine triphosphate).

NADPH is a different energy carrier used in photosynthesis, yet it performs similarly NADP+, which has lesser energy, becomes NADPH after absorbing a high-energy electron and a proton. NADPH becomes NADP+ once it surrenders its electron.

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Answer:

Gravity

Explanation:

To answer the question, crust and mantle come under Compositional layers. The mesosphere and asthenosphere come under the Physical layers of Earth.

The Compositional layers of the Earth include the Crust, Mantle, and Core. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, where we currently live in. The mantle is the layer below the crust, and, by volume, the largest chemical layer as well. The Core is the innermost layer of the Earth, discovered by scientists in 1906.

The Physical layers of Earth include Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer core, and Inner core. The lithosphere defines as the outermost physical layer of Earth, which is broken into segments called plates. The asthenosphere is the layer residing below the lithosphere, has multiple plates, and is considered unbroken, unlike the lithosphere. The outer core is the only layer of Earth consisting of only liquid entirely, whereas the Inner core exists within the liquid outer core.

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Cnidarians digest their food outside of their cells, where enzymes break down the food into smaller pieces and the cells lining the gastrovascular cavity take in the nutrients. The gastrovascular cavity doubles as the mouth and anus in cnidarians, which have an incomplete digestive system with only one opening.

The gastrovascular cavity, a portion of the cnidarian's body, is used to transport materials as food enters the mouth and waste products exit through the mouth. By means of cellular digestion and the use of digestive enzymes, the cells located inside the gastrovascular cavity break down food.

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Answer: B. Start and stop codons

Explanation:

The start codon marks the site at which translation into protein sequence begins, and the stop codon marks the site at which translation ends.

Answer:

b) Start and stop codons

Explanation:

The translation process know where to start and stop by Start and stop codons. Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Answer:

mutations

Explanation:

asexual means no sex involved. that can only mean that mutations can make the cells dofferent

Answer:

What is the cell theory? It has three main parts:

1. All living things are made up of cells.

2. Cells are the basic building blocks of life.

3. All cells come from preexisting cells created through the process of cell division.

As science evolved, three more components were added to the theory. Some biology classes don’t require you to know these parts of the cell theory because they weren’t part of the original definition, but it’s still useful to be aware of them:

4. Energy flow occurs within cells.

5. Hereditary information is passed from cell to cell.

6. All cells have the same basic chemical composition.

So what does the cell theory actually mean? Let’s break it down. The first part of the cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells. Anything that’s alive, from bacteria to plants to humans, is composed of cells. And what are cells? The literal definition is a cell is a group of organelles surrounded by a thin membrane.

The cell theory definition states that cells are the building blocks of life. Cells both make up all living things and run the processes needed for life. Your hair, skin, organs, etc. are all made up of cells. In fact, each person is estimated to be made up of nearly 40 trillion cells! Each part of a cell has a different function, and your cells are responsible for taking in nutrients, turning nutrients into energy, removing waste, and more. Basically, everything your body does, it does because cells are directing the action!

Explanation:

hope dat helped

An insufficient amount of oxygen causes the body to do lactic acid fermentation instead of cellular respiration

Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms combine oxygen with food molecules, rerouting the chemical energy in these molecules into life-sustaining processes while discarding carbon dioxide and water as waste products.

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Answer:

Cooling can cause magma within Earth to solidify resulting in the formation of igneous rock.

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Lactose intolerance can be characterized by all of the following except  does not involve a persons ability to digest milk

People with lactose intolerance are unable to fully digest the sugar in milk and as result they have diarrhea and gas and bloating after eating or drinking diary product and the condition which is also called lactose malabsorption and is usually harmless but its symptoms can be uncomfortable and most people with lactose intolerance can manage the condition without having to give up all diary food

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Dural sinues: This forms at the base of the three folds

Subdural space : This contains the serous fluid.

Subarachnoid space: This contains blood vessels and cerebrospinal fluid.

The Subarachnoid space is defined as the space that separates the brain from the skull. It is known to be fluid filled with the cerebrospinal fluid. This helps to provide cushion effects in case of injury or trauma to the head.

Dural sinues: These sinuses are located at the dura mater between the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater. They contain venous blood that originates for the most part from the brain or cranial cavity.

Subdural space : This is a potential space that can be visible when the arachnoid mater is separated from the dura mater. It is filled with serious fluid that aids in lubrication.

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Answer:B) The total number of atoms does not change, so mass is conserved in the reaction.

Explanation:According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, no matter can ever be created or destroyed. The number of atoms does not change, thus the mass does not change.

The option that correctly orders four of these systems from most to least foundational is A: alpha cell, pancreatic exocrine tissue, pancreas, endocrine system.

The nervous system receives information from our senses, interprets it, and sets off reactions, such causing your muscles to contract or making you feel pain.

Note that Neurons are small cells that are used by the nervous system to transmit signals from the brain to the spinal cord and then to the nerves that run throughout the body. A communication network is built by the collaboration of billions of neurons.

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Greenhouse gases form naturally and are part of the composition of our atmosphere. The conditions on Earth are ideal for life, including us, to thrive. The naturally occurring greenhouse effect, which keeps the planet at a pleasant 15 °C (59 °F) on average, contributes to Earth's hospitality.

However, in the last century or so, humans have been interfering with the planet's energy balance, primarily through the use of fossil fuels, which emit additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have been steadily rising for decades, trapping extra heat near the Earth's surface and causing temperatures to rise.

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Answer:

ATP is critical for muscle contractions because it breaks the myosin-actin cross-bridge, freeing the myosin for the next contraction.

Explanation:

Hunting licenses ensure that a certain limit of animals is to be killed, as animals are a very important part of wildlife.

What are hunting licenses?

Hunting license/ permit: it is a legal authorization that controls hunting in both commercial and recreational purposes. This license allows a person to buy hunting tags and enter draws. It is a proof of hunter safety education course.

These hunting licenses maintain game animals a renewable resources by keeping populations of wild animals stable.

It helps maintain a proper balance between human needs and the population of animals.

These rules along with the license are to make sure that not just anyone can go and hunt the wild animals.

It also regulates hunting frequency, which prevents wildlife extinction or endangerment.

Therefore, hunting licenses are a way to ensure that only a certain number of animals are killed.

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Answer: D

Explanation:

The topic of discussion is Laser.

This is referred to as a device which has the ability to emit light through the process known as optical amplification. This feature is based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation and was discovered by Theodore Maiman.

He formed the basis of the creation of the first working laser through his work in which he shone a high-power flash lamp on a ruby rod with silver-coated surfaces.  This device functions by stimulating atoms such that light is emitted and amplifies it thereby forming a narrow beam of radiation.

This is used to perform different types of surgeries in the healthcare system and it is also used to weld and cut materials which makes it a very important tool in different fields.

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The

[tex]{ \boxed{ \red{ \sf{host \: cell - Ecoli}}}}[/tex]

# Multiplies once in every twenty minutes.

# Short lifespan.

# Contains plasmid used as vector in genetic engineering.

# Gram negative and non-capsulated bacteria.

# Sensitive to wide range of antibodies.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Hello, so we can do this question two ways. 1, we can know what kind of relationship the two types have or 2, we can analyze each relationship and see if it would increase or decrease.

Starting with option 2, we can look at A. A says the population would stay stable because of a commensal relationship. In a commensal relationship, one party benefits and the other neither gains or loses anything. Thus, A could be true because the population would stay stable in this case.

Looking at B, we see it says the population would increase because it has a mutualistic relationship. However, in a mutualistic relationship both species benefit. If the wrasse population died more, that would NOT benefit the other species in a mutualistic relationship, thus B can be eliminated.

Answer C says it would decrease because of its predator and prey relationship. Depending on which one was the predator and which was the prey, one species could benefit from the death of the other while the other didn't. For example, if the wrasses were the prey, the predators would also decrease because they could not eat as well, but if the wrasses were the predators they other population would increase because they would be eaten less. Thus we cannot rule out answer C.

D for an answer is like C, depending on the roles of which was which D could or could not be the answer.

Although method 2 helps eliminate B it still does not tell us the answer, so we look to our knowledge of wrasses and titan tigerfish. Wrasses and titan tigerfish have a commensal relationship. Therefore, one can benefit and the other is neither harmed nor benefited. This relationship is also called symbiotic. Thus, the wrasse population could decrease and since the titan tigerfish do not experience benefits or harm from that species their population will remain the same.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

E.g. E. coli—20 min, so in an hour 1 cell would turn into 8.

Given that 60 billion cells are produced in a day in the human body, the number of cells that will be produced in an hour can be calculated by dividing the number of cells by the number of hours in a day. There would be approximately 2.5 billion cells produced in one hour.

The human body regularly replaces its own cells. Every day, roughly 330 billion cells, or 1% of all our cells are replaced. The equivalent of a new you will have been replenished in 80 to 100 days with 30 trillion.

Each second approximately one million cells of the body die which means 1.2 kg of the cells are destroyed each day. All the cells in the body have a definite lifespan after which they are replenished.

The dead cells of the body are engulfed in a process called phagocytosis and are transferred to the lysosomes where they are degraded.

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It is to be noted that the diameter of the High Power Field of the Microscope is 400 Micrometers.

To find the diameter of the high-power field of a microscope, you need to know the magnification of the low-power objective, the elaboration of the high-power objective, and the diameter of the low-power field.

In this case, you are given that the low power objective has a magnification of 10x, the high power objective has a magnification of 40x, and the low power field has a diameter of 1600 micrometers.

To find the diameter of the high power field, you can use the formula:

High power field diameter = Low power field diameter * (Low power objective magnification / High power objective magnification)

Plugging in the given values, you get:

High power field diameter = 1600 micrometers * (10x / 40x)

High power field diameter = 400 micrometers

Therefore, the diameter of the high power field of the microscope is 400 micrometers.

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It is advantageous for a sessile (non-motile) Cnidarian to have radial symmetry. Animal body parts are radially symmetrical and they are arranged along a central axis so each part extends from the center.  

              Because of having radial symmetry the animal body parts can be identically cut along the central axis. Animals having radial symmetry are incapable of moving and sessile. Radial symmetry helps out to reach every corner of their body parts. Cnidarians contain two tissue layers. The outer layer is called the epidermis. The epidermis is formed from the ectoderm. The inner layer, which is called the gastrodermis, which secretes digestive juices into the inner parts called the gastrovascular cavity.  This gastrodermis is formed from endoderm. Cnidarians do not have to contain mesoderm and Hence cnidarians do not have organs.

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The percentage change in the mass of the potato cylinders is both positive and negative because the concentrations of the sugar solutions differ.

In biology, osmosis refers to the movement of water molecules from regions of low solute concentrations or high water potentials to regions of high solute concentration or low water potential through a semi-permeable membrane.

Solutions with high solute concentrations as compared to the sap of cells are said to be hypertonic to the cells. The cells, will, therefore, lose water to hypertonic solutions.

Solutions with the same solute concentrations as cells are said to be isotonic to the cells. There is no net movement of water between such solutions and the cells.

Solutions with lower solute concentrations as compared to cells are said to be hypotonic to the cells. Such solutions lose water to the sap of the cells.

This is exactly what happened in the case of the solutions and the potato cylinders. Hypertonic sugar solutions will cause the potato cylinders to lose water and weigh less than their initial weights. This will return a negative percentage change in weight.

Hypotonic solutions, on the other hand, will cause the potato cylinders to gain water and weight more than their initial weights. This will return a positive percentage change in weight.

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1/4th proportion of the F2 progeny will be short, 3/4th will be tall and only 1/4th will be true breeding for short strain.

The first generation bred from two parents is called the F1 generation, while the second generation is called the F2 generation. The F2 generation in a monohybrid cross is made up of both homozygous and heterozygous offspring, while the F1 generation is entirely heterozygous.

The F1 generation differs significantly from the parental kinds in other ways as well. In contrast, some paternal traits may be present in the F2 generation.

The F1 generation is crucial in hybridization as it helps produce offspring with the best traits of both parents. In contrast, F2 generation is crucial in inbreeding to preserve stable characteristics throughout generations.

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Answer:

If the Sun disappeared or the Earth were flung out of its orbit the travel alone through interstellar space, then I think a small population of humans could survive (although we might need some advance warning).

While the surface of the Earth would freeze and become uninhabitable pretty quickly, there is enough internal heat in the core (left over from the formation of the Earth and generated by radioactive decay) that it would remain warm underground for billions of years. A small population (a few hundred people, maybe) could live in a suitably modified deep mine. With either nuclear power or geothermal power, they could power life support systems and grow food hydroponically. There are enough suitable deep mines for several of those survivor colonies.

Explanation:

Pressure builds up whenever there is friction and air. And if both are present, it deforms the set. In order for friction to work, pressure and air both are important.

What is friction, deformation, air pressure and force?

Friction: the force that resists against the relative layers of liquids, solids and other materials as they slide over each other.

Deformation: It is the continuous mechanical transformation of a body from a reference configuration to its current configuration. A configuration is a set containing the positions of all particles in a body.

Air pressure: The force exerted by compressed or free air on a surface it comes in contact with.

Force: Influences that can change the movement of an object. A force can change the velocity of an object with mass, i.e. accelerate it.

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