A trait shared by mammals and reptiles that are not shared by the other groups of chordates (C). an amnion
Embryos of both humans and animals are initially entirely enclosed by a membrane called the amnion. The amniotic sac, which provides a safe environment for the developing fetus, fills with amniotic fluid as the amnion develops. The amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois all serve as protective coverings for the embryo. In monotremes, reptiles, and birds, the protective sac is encased in a shell. In placental mammals and marsupials, it is contained in a uterus.
Amnion is only present in mammals, birds, and reptiles. These groups' embryos are located in the thinnest layer. It isn't present in all chordates. A notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, and paired gill pouches are features shared by all chordates.
The complete question is:
Which of the following is a trait shared by mammals and reptiles that is not shared by the other groups of chordates?
A. hair
B. mammary glands
C. an amnion
D. legs
E. lungs
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grapefruit juice inhibits the cytochrome p450 cyp3a4 drug-metabolizing enzyme and inhibits p-glycoprotein in the intestines for days after ingestion. the nurse will teach patients that are taking a drug impacted by grapefruit juice that it can cause which problem?
When some medications are taken by a person who also consumes grapefruit juice, the drug concentration and risk of adverse effects may both increase.
The harmful substance in grapefruit does not directly interact with your medication. Instead, it binds to the CYP3A4 enzyme, which lessens the absorption of several drugs, in the digestive system. When grapefruit juice inhibits the enzyme, it is simpler for the medication to enter your bloodstream from your gut. Blood levels will rise more quickly and significantly above normal levels, and in some circumstances, these dangerously high levels may occur.
Examples of drugs that are affected by grapefruit juice are : Statins. Calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants, antiplatelet medications, cylosporin and immunosuppressants, Entocort, and cytotoxic medications are all examples of statins, which are medications that decrease cholesterol.
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BRAINLIESTTT ASAP!!!
-recognize the names and relative ages of extinct hominids ( EXPLAIN THEM )
The group made up of all of our close relatives as well as extinct entire human race and current humans.
Which came first, hominids or hominins?Modern humans as well as all our extinct relatives on our own branching of the phylogenetic ladder are now referred to as hominins instead of hominids, as they were in previous classifications.
Exist hominins today?The hominins, a term used to describe a broad group of extinct humans and apes with human features, are now exclusively recognized as Homo sapiens. Around 20 species are included in this category, and there are likely many more that are still undiscovered. You might also be interested in: Human proximity changes animals.
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What do genes regulate?
A. only the senses
B. all processes of the body
C. when a hormone is released
D. only physical traits
Answer:d
Explanation:they make your physical traits
the desire to eat is stimulated by: a. cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (cart). b. alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-msh). c. peptide yy (pyy). d. agouti-related protein (agrp).
The desire to eat is increased by agouti-related protein (agrp). Protein makes up the majority of the body's organs, tissues, and body parts, including muscle, bone, skin, and hair.
Which benefits of eating protein stand out the most?Protein is used to build your muscles. Therefore, eating enough protein while strength training helps you maintain and build new muscle. Numerous studies have shown that eating more protein leads to gains in strength and muscle mass.
When your body doesn't have enough protein, what happens?A severe protein deficiency can lead to edema, fatty liver, aging skin, deterioration of diseases, and stunted growth in children. In wealthy countries, true insufficiency is rare, although inadequate intake can cause muscle atrophy and an increased risk of fractures.
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which brain structure maintains homeostasis and influences blood pressure, heart rate, digestive activity, breathing rate, and other important physiological functions in the body?
The hypothalamus regulates homeostasis and affects body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, digestive activity, and breathing rate.
A section of the forebrain located beneath the thalamus. The central nervous system's control and coordination are the hypothalamus' primary responsibilities. The hypothalamus aids in maintaining homeostasis, or body balance.
The major hormones secreted from the hypothalamus include thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The brain's deep structures serve as the body's intelligent control and coordination hub. Its major job is to maintain homeostasis, a constant state of equilibrium in your body. It carries out its function through controlling hormones or by directly affecting your autonomic nervous system.
Thus, the hypothalamus regulates homeostasis, blood pressure, heart rate, digestive activity, breathing rate, and body temperature.
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What is the advantage of viewing a specimen at 40x as opposed to at 400x magnification?.
The benefit of viewing a specimen at 40x in preference to at 400x magnification is accelerated discipline of view and offer extra information about the specimen.
Specimen is described as a unmarried plant or animal this is investigated through professionals as an instance of a particular species or type.
It also can be described as a issue or character used to symbolize an entire mass or number; a feature plant, mineral, issue, animal, etc. a part of a chemical or fabric for checking out or research: a tissue sample; a urine sample. a particular or strange form of character.
Thus, the benefit of viewing a specimen at 40x in preference to at 400x magnification is accelerated discipline of view and offer extra information about the specimen.
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Which statement best describes reproduction with two parents?
A. Smaller yeast cells grow on the side of a larger yeast cell.
B. New African violet plants can grow from leaves cut off of existing
plants.
C. Many tadpoles hatch from a cluster of eggs fertilized by cells from
a male frog.
O
D. Small sea stars can grow from arms that break off of a large sea
star.
which fcr inhibits naive b lymphocyte antigen activation when preexisting antibody to that antigen is present?
CD4+ T cell fcr inhibits naive b lymphocyte antigen activation when preexisting antibody to that antigen is present.
What is B Lymphocyte ?white blood cells of a certain type that produce antibodies. The immune system's B lymphocytes are created from stem cells in the bone marrow. also known as a B cell.
T lymphocytes are necessary for cell-mediated immunity, while B lymphocytes are in charge of humoral immunity. The role of the natural killer cell is in cell-mediated and cytotoxic immunity.
Transitional, naïve, plasma, and memory B cells are the four primary types of B cells, and each has a distinct function in the maturation process.
What is Antigen ?An antigen in immunology is a molecule, molecular structure, foreign particle, pollen grain, etc. that can attach to a particular antibody or T-cell receptor. An immunological reaction may be brought on by the presence of antigens in the body.
Any substance that triggers the production of antibodies by your immune system is referred to as an antigen. This indicates that your immune system is attempting to combat the chemical because it does not recognize it. A substance from the environment, such as chemicals, germs, viruses, or pollen, can
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sea urchins are deuterostomes, which exhibit indeterminate cleavage in their development. if during growth of the embryo, one cell were to separate from the rest of the embryo, what would be it's fate?
Since sea urchins being deuterostomes, possess indeterminate cleavage, the separation of one cell from rest of the embryo will result in its growth into genetically identical embryo.
Deuterostomes are those species in which the formation of anus occurs before the formation of their mouth. The anus is formed from the blastopore in them. Deuterostome literally means second mouth. Example of such animals is: starfish, sea urchin, sea lily, sea cucumber, etc.
Indeterminate cleavage is the one where the cells of embryo possess the ability to give rise to complete embryo is they are separated from the actual embryo. Therefore, the cells are said to be totipotent.
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because each old strand of the parent molecule serves as a(n) for and is present in each new daughter strand, the process of dna replication can be described as .
Because every vintage strand of the determine molecule serves as a template for and is found in every new daughter strand, the process of DNA replication may be described as semiconservative.
Every newly synthesized DNA strand is made with the aid of adding complementary nucleotides to the original DNA strand. thus, DNA replication is semi-conservative. that is, one determine strand is continually exceeded on to her DNA daughter helix.
DNA bases are linked to each other via hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine are connected by means of two hydrogen bonds, and cytosine and guanine are related by means of 3 hydrogen bonds.
these bases make up the rungs of the twisted ladder that is DNA. Seals a DNA sequence into consecutive double strands.
DNA replication results in DNA molecules which include a brand new strand of nucleotides and an antique strand of nucleotides. A DNA strand complementary to the parental DNA strand is constantly synthesized inside the direction of the replication fork permitting the polymerase to feature nucleotides in that route.
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during meiosis, if the parent cell starts with six chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the cell at metaphase i and anaphase i? how many in metaphase ii and anaphase ii?
These chromatids are divided during anaphase and attracted to the opposite poles of the cell. This division produces 92 distinct chromatids in the cell, which are regarded as 92 chromosomes.
In the cell at anaphase 1, how many chromosomes are there?
chromosomes with 46 in total. From from point on, we will refer to these divided sister chromatids as daughter chromosomes. Each end of the cell has an identical and full set of 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, at the end of anaphase; they are still diploid.
Metaphase 1 has how many chromosomes?
chromosomes with 46 in total. In metaphase I, there are a total of 46 chromosomes, each of which is made up of two sister chromatids. There are 23 homologous pairs with two full chromosomes in each. throughout telophase I.
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Which type of earths crust caused these layers to be higher in the background than they are in the foreground
A. Uplift
B. Vibration
C. Shearing
D. Compression
Answer:
the correct answer is objective A
A child is born with cystic fibrosis.
Which statement best describes the alleles possessed by the parents?
Answer:
A (both parents possess at least one recessive allele...)
Explanation:
because cystic fibrosis is a recessive gene generally, it would be best to assume that each parent has passed on the recessive gene.
Which type of mutation causes cystic fibrosis?
Answer: cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
Explanation:
Hello!
The type of mutation which causes cystic fibrosis is a mutation in the CFTR gene. (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator)
Hope this helps!
ANALYZE Old-growth forests have remained undisturbed for hundreds of years or more. From what you see in the photo, what are some characteristics of a stable ecosystem?
Defining traits of a stable ecosystem:
If an ecosystem has the propensity to return to its equilibrium following a disturbance or perturbation, it is said to be stable or in equilibrium.
When the organisms in an ecosystem are interdependent, an ecosystem can be stable.
What traits distinguish an old-growth forest?They have large, old trees from long-lived species that are past the age of conventional rotation (harvest). Other characteristics of high-quality old growth forests include a complex stand structure (including snags and woody debris), high stand mortality, and a lack of invasive species.
An ecosystem's inhabitants all depend on one another for their survival and continued existence, which is known as interdependence.
Plants and animals are interdependent, whether directly or indirectly.
Just as snakes eat rats and rats eat plants and grains, an eagle will eventually consume this snake. The interdependence of the food chains of animals and plants is the cause of all of this.
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someone please solve this how doi find the mean mass
The mean mass of a single primary consumer is 1.67 * 10⁻⁴ g.
What is the mean mass of a single primary consumer?A primary consumer is a consumer that depends primarily on the producer for its nutrition.
The mean mass of a single primary consumer is obtained using the formula below:
Mean mass of a single primary consumer = total biomass in g per m² / number of individuals per m²The total biomass in g per m² = 2.5
The number of individuals per m² = 1.5 * 10⁴
Mean mass = 2.5 / 1.5 * 10⁴
mean mass = 1.67 * 10⁻⁴ g
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as a teaching assistant, you must gather examples of deuterostomes from a large, unorganized selection of animals. which specimens should you select? (check all that apply.)
Echinoderms, ray-finned fishes, and tetrapod are the vertebrate groupings with the largest species diversity among the deuterostome lineages.
Specimens you should select :
1. Echinoderms (sea stars and sea urchins)
2. Hemichordates ("acorn worms that burrow in marine sands or mud)
3. Xenoturbellids
4. Chordata
These animals make up the Bilaterian, a collection of creatures with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers, together with Protostome and its outgroup Xenacoelomorphia.
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which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses? which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses? inclusion bodies forming in the cytoplasm or nucleus host cells fusing to form multinucleated syncytia toxin production cell death increased cell growth
Cytopathic effects are alterations in cell morphology brought on by an infecting virus (CPE). The rounding of the infected cell, the fusing of the infected cell with neighboring cells to produce syncytia (prokaryotes), and the formation of nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are typical examples.
Absolute destruction The most severe cytopathic effect is this one. Complete Destruction The glass surface is seeded with a monolayer of host cells, and a viral infection that causes focal degeneration is then introduced. Syncytium, inclusion bodies, foamy degeneration, swelling and clumpingCytopathic effect (CPE), structural alterations brought on by viral infection in a host cell. CPE happens when the infecting virus causes the host cell to lyse (dissolve), or when the cell dies without lysing because it cannot divide.To know more about Cytopathic
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Is movement of carbon from living organisms to the atmosphere decreased
No, Carbon dioxide is increasing, as the combustion of fossil fuels for energy has led to an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere.
What are fossil fuels?The components of fossil fuels are decaying plants and animals. These fuels may be burned to provide energy and can be found in the crust of the Earth. An example of a fossil fuel is coal, as well as oil and natural gas. Coal is a substance that is typically found in sedimentary rock formations, which are collections of rock, dead plant and animal materials, and layers of silt.
A chunk of coal must contain more than 50% fossilized plant material. Shale is one sedimentary rock type that contains oil in its native form. The thick oil that can be used to make gasoline is created by heating this substance. Typically, pockets of natural gas can be found atop oil deposits.
Gasoline has the chemical formula C8H18. It appears like this when you combine it with oxygen, or when you burn it: 2(C8H18) + 25(O2) = 16(CO2) + 18 (H2O). That’s a significant amount of CO2.
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Variation and survival - Extended Task
Research and answer this question.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of variation to the survival of orangutans?
The advantages and disadvantages of genetic variation to the survival of orangutans are:
Advantages:
Because of variation, organisms can evolve to survive in challenging environments and become more resistant to diseases. It also fosters diversity.Disadvantages:
Negative effects, such as genetic disorders and diseases, are another potential drawbackWhat is genetic variation?
DNA sequence variations among members of a population are referred to as genetic variation. Sperm and egg cells, as well as somatic (all other) cells, are subject to variation.Three separate processes contribute to genetic diversity: gene recombination, gene migration, and mutation. Genetic variety and evolution are propelled by mutation. Base substitutions, deletions, and insertions are the different kinds of DNA mutations.Due to deforestation, illegal hunting, and forest fires that have decimated orang-utan wild populations, one of the most thorough genome analyses of orang gutans to date has revealed that its tiny populations are surprisingly genetically diverse. This raises the possibility that the critically endangered species could recover from its current dire situation.
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homoserine is: a) a precursor of both methionine and threonine. b) a precursor of serine. c) derived from homocysteine. d) derived from serine. e) derived from threonine
Homoserine is considered to be a precursor of both methionine and threonine.
So, the correct option is A.
Homoserine, or its lactone form, is produced when cyanogen bromide cleaves a peptide caused by methionine breakdown. Methionine, threonine, an isomer of homoserine, and isoleucine are the three necessary amino acids that are produced during the production of homoserine. Homoserine, a precursor of threonine and methionine, inhibits the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the first process in the absorption of ammonia. This impact is supported by physiological and biochemical data.
Methionine, threonine, an isomer of homoserine, and isoleucine are the three necessary amino acids that are produced during the production of homoserine. Glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA), and the citric acid cycle are all components of the whole metabolic route.
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retroviruses multiple choice produce protein directly from dna. only invade plants. contain dna. produce rna from dna. contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
Direct protein synthesis from DNA occurs in retroviruses. comprise DNA. from DNA, make RNA. simply plants invading. contain reverse transcriptase as an enzyme.
Why do you use the term "retrovirus"?(REH-troh-VY-rus) A category of virus whose genetic material is RNA rather than DNA. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that is used to integrate into the DNA of the host cells. This enables the virus to replicate often in the host cells.
What makes retroviruses unique?Because they multiply by reversibly encoding their genes into host cells, retroviruses are special. The most well-known retrovirus to infect people is HIV. Different species have been found to contract other retroviruses.
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Describe how you could measure the rate of photosynthesis using bromothymol blue
The rate of photosynthesis can be measured using bromothymol blue by measuring the pH of the solution.
What is Photosynthesis?This is defined as the process in which green plants manufacture food in the presence of sunlight and other compounds. This is therefore the reason why plants are regarded as primary producers in the ecosystem.
Carbon dioxide is used during the process and we are aware that it is an acidic gas. Bromothymol blue is an indicator which reacts with an acid to change color from blue to yellow which is therefore how it can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis.
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In tomato plants, having yellow fruit and dwarf vines is the recessive condition. Having red fruit and long vines is the dominant condition. A cross was done between two plants that were heterozygous for both traits.
What is the probability the offspring will have yellow fruit and dwarf vines?
Answer:
25% of offspring will have yellow fruit and dwarf vines
Explanation:
denoting that:
D - red fruit, long vines (dominant)
r - yellow fruit, dwarf vines (recessive)
parental phenotype: Red fruit 》 Red fruit
parental genotype: Dr 》 Dr
gametes: (D) (r) 》 (D) (r)
random fertilization: punnet square
D r
D DD Dr
r Dr rr
F1 generation phenotype: Red fruit 》 yellow fruit
F1 generation genotype: DD, Dr, Dr 》 rr
ratio: 3 : 1
percentage: 75% 》 25%
[ the symbol " 》" is used simply as a divider as if all the information were in a table]
Compared to human cells, there are about _______ bacterial and archaeal cells inhabiting our bodies.
Compared to human cells, there are about 10 to 100 times as many bacterial and archaeal cells inhabiting our bodies.
Bacteria and archea, both, are unicellular, prokaryotic organisms. They are this very simple organisms consisting of only one cell. On the contrary, human is a complex organism that has millions of cells in his body. Therefore, we can say that our bodies contain between 10 and 100 times more bacterial and archaeal cells than human cells.
Cells make up organisms, which are highly organised structures. It's amazing how intricate even extremely basic, single-celled organisms are. Molecules are made up of atoms inside each cell. Organelles or cell components are created from these. In comparison to single-celled animals, multicellular organisms, have an advantage since their cells can be specialised to fulfil particular functions and even sacrificed in some circumstances for the benefit of the organism as a whole.
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explain how erosion and deposition of a river's material over time, as the water flows down through, made the old stream look the way it does.
Erosion and deposition occurs by slow flowing rivers creates broad floodplains and meanders.
How do erosion and deposition occur?Rivers and bourn deposit sediment where the speed of the water current decreases. In rivers, toppling occurs along the inside bank of the river bend. This "area" is where water flows slower while erosion happens along the outside bank of the bend, where the water flows a lot faster. Most river erosion happens close to the mouth of a river. On a river bend, the longest sharp side has slower moving water. Here deposits build up. On the narrowest sharpest side of the curve, there is faster-moving water so this side tends to crumble away mostly.
So we can conclude that land use and stream oversight can also trigger erosion responses.
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Which functional region of the cerebellum is implicated in planning the sequence and timing of complex movements?.
The part of the brain involved in the sequence and timing of complex movements is the cerebrocerebellum.
The cerebellum is the largest part of the brain that initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature.
The brain is divided into 3 functional areas which are;
cerebrocerebellum spinocerebellum vestibulocerebellumcerebrocerebellum communicates with the cerebral cortex and is thought to be involved with planning and initiating movement it receives inputs from the cerebral cortex and pontine nuclei and sends inputs sends the outputs to the thalamus and red nucleus
spinocerebellum this part of the cerebellum is involved in regulating body movements by allowing for error correction
vestibulocerebellum gives signals which detect the head movement and send signals through the cerebellum to the head rotation and maintain a stable center of gaze.
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which cell is indicated by the arrow? identifying cells of the nervous system which cell is indicated by the arrow? identifying cells of the nervous system microglial neuron astrocyte oligodendrocyte
The arrow points to an oligodendrocyte cell, which is one of the central nervous system's myelinating cells (CNS).
What role does the oligodendrocyte cell play?In the CNS, neurons are wrapped in specialized glial cells called oligodendrocytes. The major task of oligodendrocytes is to produce and maintain the myelin coating that envelops axons. Additionally, they take involved in the shaping of higher order neural systems and axonal control.
What components make up oligodendrocytes?They originated from the mesenchyme cells in the embryonic neural tube. These cells develop into glial cells, which create the progenitor cells for oligodendrocytes. The spinal cord and the brain then undergo oligodendrocyte maturation from these cells.
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process of assembeling a protein on the basis of the information in an rna molecule
Answer:
translation.
Explanation:
translation assembles amino acids to form the polypeptide chain in ribosomes.
Which axis indirectly shows the relative amount of dna per cell? by what relationship?.
The x-axis indirectly shows the relative amount of DNA per cell. As the DNA was stained, there is a relationship between fluorescence and DNA content.
The x-axis does not show the relative amount of DNA per cell directly. It can be seen through a special type of graph known as a histogram. If we look at it, peaks and dips can be seen as similar to fluorescence.
This indirectly shows the relative amount of DNA per cell. This confirms the relationship between the fluorescence and the relative amount of DNA in the cell.
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