DNA is a polymer.
What is Polymer?
Any of group of organic or synthetic compounds known as polymers are made up of macromolecules, or very large molecules, which are just multiples of simpler chemical building blocks known as monomers. Numerous natural and man-made materials, as well as a large portion of the components in living things, are composed of polymers.
The polymer DNA. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA monomers, and the polymer is referred to as a "polynucleotide." Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a base with a nitrogen atom attached to it, and a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose.
Hence, DNA is a polymer.
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The formula v2 = gstartfraction m subscript central baseline over r endfraction is very useful for astronomers because it does not require them to know t. what does t stand for? orbital period tangential speed satellite radius
Using the concepts of Gravitation, we got that T stands for orbital period.
Orbital period is actually the time a certain astronomical object such as planets takes to complete one orbit (360° revolution) around the another object such as sun or stars. Orbital period is expressed in many units of time, usually in years, days or hours.
The gravitational force is that which attracts any two objects with mass. We basically call this force attractive because it always tries to pull masses together, but it never pushes them apart from each other. In fact, every object, including we, is pulling on every other object in this entire universe! This is simply nothing but known as Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation.
Hence, in the formula v2 = gstartfraction m subscript central baseline over r endfraction is very useful for astronomers, then in that case T stands for orbital period.
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juan studies for his biology class each day. he generally reviews material covered previously as well as the new material. he does this instead of cramming the night before the test and finds he has better retention and does better on the exams. which technique is juan using?
Juan is using Ebbinghaus' retention curve technique.
The reduction in memory retention over time is predicted by the forgetting curve, also known as Ebbinghaus' retention curve. This curve illustrates how information deteriorates over time when no effort is made to keep it. The strength of memory is a related idea that describes how long memory traces last in the brain. It demonstrates how learnt knowledge gradually fades from our minds unless we take steps to keep it there. For instance, if your company has 10 customers at the beginning of the year and loses two of them, your retention rate is 80%.
Three different methods—recall, recognition, and relearning—are used by researchers to gauge forgetting and retention.
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plasma membranes are selectively permeable. this means that question 3 options: anything can pass into or out of a cell as long as the membrane is intact and the cell is healthy. the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others. glucose cannot enter the cell. plasma membranes must be very thick.
The correct option is plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.
The cell membrane's selective permeability is its capacity to distinguish between various types of molecules, permitting some to pass while preventing others. This selective quality is somewhat influenced by the inherent membrane diffusion rates of certain compounds.
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what role did the adaptations of seed and pollen play in the development and expansion of seed plants?
Seeds and pollen allowed plants to breed in absence of water. This allowed them to enlarge their range onto dry land and to survive drought situations.
Both seeds and pollen distinguish among seed plants and seedless vascular plant life. these revolutionary structures allowed seed flowers to reduce or do away with their dependence on water for gamete fertilization and embryo improvement, and to overcome dry land. Flora are capable of disperse their gametes over long distances via the evolution of seeds that allow them to breed independently.
Many terrestrial diversifications have contributed to the achievement of seed plant life. these adaptations regarding seed-decreased gametophyte manufacturing heterosporous ovules and pollen supplied seed plant life with new possibilities to deal with ground situations inclusive of drought and UV exposure.
Pollen and seeds are innovative systems which have allowed seed plant life to overcome dry land adaptations by breaking their dependence on water for copy and embryo development.
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in the scotopic system, the relationship between the number of visual receptor cells and the number of ganglion cells demonstrates a of in
The amount of ganglion cells and visual receptor cells shows convergence of information.
The absence of photoreceptors at the optic disc is caused by what?The absence of photoreceptors in the optic disc region is caused by the ganglion cell axons exiting the retina and creating the optic nerve. FIG. 19.5, Different densities of rods and cones are seen throughout the retina. At the fovea, cones are situated.
Scotopic vision is caused by which cells?The rods are in charge of scotopic vision, while the cones are in charge of color and daylight vision. Red, green, and blue lights cause different types of cones to react.
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The graph below compares the rates of reaction of a burning candle and an exploding firework. What can you conclude from the graph? The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn. The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn. The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn. The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
Based on the graph, it can be concluded that:
the reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn; option A is correct.What is the activation energy of the reaction?The activation energy of a reaction is the minimum energy that reactant molecules must possess in order for them to effectively collide to give products.
Different reactions have different values for activation energies.
The higher the activation energy of a reaction, the more energy is required for the reaction to proceed to product formation and vice versa.
Comparing data from the graph showing the rates of reaction of a burning candle and an exploding firework the following can be observed;
The rate of the reaction of the exploding fireworks is faster than that of the burning candleThe burning candle has a higher activation energy than the exploding fireworks.Learn more about activation energy at: https://brainly.com/question/5280701
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Answer: its option a
Explanation:
if a mutation occurs on a segment of dna that codes for an enzyme, what is most likely to happen to the enzyme?
Answer:
it'll denature or reshape the enzyme
(remember enzymes are shaped specifically)
using your knowledge of genetics, study the pedigree. how certainly does this pedigree rule out the possibility that the woolly hair trait is recessive? for instance, if the woolly hair trait were autosomal recessive, then each affected individual would have to be homozygous. answer the question: is there any instance in this pedigree?
No there is no chance that an affected individual could not possibly be homozygous and thus the disease may be autosomal recessive.
The majority of cases of keratoderma with woolly hair are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that each cell's two copies of the affected gene are mutated. Woolly Hair is a rare congenital abnormality of the scalp hair that affects non-black people and manifests as tightly coiled hair in a specific area of the scalp or covering the entire side. Woolly hair that is isolated or localised is typically benign and unrelated to other conditions or complications.
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what is the main function of transcription factors? group of answer choices they compose the spliceosome which facilitates mrna splicing to facilitate binding of rna polymerase to the promoter to break the hydrogen bonds in dna and allow rna nucleotides to pair to facilitate the termination of the mrna transcript
Option B. to facilitate the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter is the main function of transcription factors.
Transcription factors are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors consist of an extensive variety of proteins, apart from RNA polymerase, that provokes and adjust the transcription of genes.
The overall transcription element complex TFIID plays a key role in the initiation of transcription in eukaryotic cells. It capabilities through binding a component protein, TBP, to the 'TATA box' series upstream of the beginning of transcription.
The spliceosome splices out the non-coding introns from the number one mRNA transcript and stitches the exons again together into the mature mRNA transcript.
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What is the solution to the problem expressed to the correct number of significant figures?
The solution to the arithmetic problem shown in the image to the correct number of significant figures would be 1.69.
Rules guiding significant figuresThere are certain rules guiding the use of significant figures when performing arithmetic operations. This is usually with respect to the final answers of operations.
When performing multiplication or division operations, the significant figures of the final answer would be the significant figures of the participating number with the least significant figures.In this case, the operation is a division operation. The number with the least significant figure has 3 significant figures. Note that zeros after decimals are usually significant.
Thus, the final answer would have 3 significant figures as well.
12.0/7.11 = 1.69 to 3 significant figures.
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even though fibroadenomas are a benign tumor of the breast, they are hormonally responsive. what does this mean?
The exact cause of a fibroadenoma is unknown. It is assumed that it happens as a result of increased oestrogen sensitivity.
A fibroadenoma is typically felt as a smooth, moveable lump in the breast that is felt to be present. Although fibroadenomas are typically painless, they can occasionally feel tender or even painful, especially right before a period. lobules (milk-producing glands) and ducts make up the breasts. These have glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissue covering them. This tissue determines the size and shape of the breasts.
A lobule is the source of fibroadenomas. A substantial lump is created by the glandular tissue and ducts growing over the lobule.
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How is it possible for cancer to spread from one location to another? In this case,
the cancer spread from the breast tissue to the lymph nodes.
Answer:
Cancer cells break away from where they first formed, travel through the blood or lymph system, and form new tumors in other parts of the body. This process is called Metastasis
Explanation:
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1. how fast was the population of america growing and what were the sources of its population growth?
The population of America is growing very fast. Increasing immigration and high fertility were both contributing to America's population growth. The birth rate, death rate, and migration are the three variables that affect population change.
Cities arose as a result of the enormous workforces needed by industrial companies and the necessity for housing for both the employees' families and themselves. Millions of immigrants came to the United States in search of employment and a better life in factories and cities.
Death rates have dropped as a result of technology, medicine, and diet. Rapid population growth is the term used to describe the aggressive population growth brought on by higher birth rates and lower mortality rates. The availability of food, water, energy, and trustworthy medical care, as well as industrialisation, are other causes.
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Describe, don't list, the organisms were you able to identify from the samples (soil, pond water, and tap water). (3 points)
The organisms which I was able to identify in the soil, pond water and tap water samples given from the above task are:
Organisms which has cilia as its locomotary organelles.Organisms which appeared to have both plant and animal like characteristicsOrganisms which do not have nucleus or has a false nucleusOrganic which have segmented bodies.The organism with cilia as its locomotary organelles and the ones with segmented bodies.From the samples in the given in the above task, I discovered with the aid microscope certain organisms which I identified clearly in the pond which has cilia has its locomotary organelles. This organism, specifically confirmed to be paramecium. I was also able to identify some worms in the soil sample which has segmented bodies. These actually, are the round worms.
So therefore, we can now confirm from my observations above that organisms such as bacteria, euglena, paramecium, earthworms were identified in the samples above.
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what energy system is primarily utilized in an 300 meter run that is completed in 35 seconds? select one: a. oxidative b. immediate phosphagen c. anaerobic glycolyosis
The correct answer is anaerobic glycolysis.
Anaerobic glycolysis is the process by which glucose is converted to lactate when oxygen is limited.
Anaerobic glycolysis is only an effective energy generation method during brief, intensive activity, producing energy for 10 seconds to 2 minutes. Cells that are unable to generate enough energy through oxidative phosphorylation use anaerobic glycolysis as a substitute. Glycolysis generates 2 ATP in tissues with low oxygen levels by diverting pyruvate away from mitochondria and using the lactate dehydrogenase process. Anaerobic glycolysis provides for the more rapid synthesis of ATP in rapidly contracting skeletal muscle cells, where energy demand exceeds that which can be provided by oxidative phosphorylation alone. (Oxidative phosphorylation is around 100 times slower than glycolysis.) Pyruvate cannot undergo oxidative phosphorylation, regardless of oxygen levels, in cells that have no mitochondria at all.
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what type of unauthenticated connection is considered to be a significant vulnerability of netbios systems?
The type of unauthenticated connection that is considered to be a significant vulnerability of NetBIOS systems is the NULL sessions.
A NULL session is an unauthenticated connection that occurs when someone logs in to a system without a username or password. Depending on the OS, his type is considered a significant vulnerability in the CIFS or SMB. It's because once a hacker has made a NetBIOS connection using a NULL session, they can get a list of all users and informations on that system, from usernames, passwords, groups, permissions, services, and more. It can even be used for performing DOS attacks and escalating privileges.
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a medical researcher is trying to develop a diagnostic technique for a disease which is characterized by the misexpression of a large number of unrelated genes. what would be the most appropriate technique?
The most suitable technique to study mis-expression of large number of unrelated genes would be 'Microarray'.
A microarray is a technique used to simultaneously measure the expression of thousands of genes. A known DNA sequence or gene is contained in each of the thousands of small dots that are printed on microscope slides in certain locations.
These slides are called DNA microarrays/gene chips. To detect gene expression, also referred to as the transcriptome or the collection of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts expressed by a group of genes, the DNA molecules linked to each slide serve as probes and detection is done.
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Because they lack well-defined and complex organ systems, we hypothesize that _____ diverged from all other animals early in the evolution of animals.
Because they lack well-defined and complex organ systems, we hypothesize that poriferans diverged from all other animals early in the evolution of animals.
The most primitive animal group, the Porifera, has an early branch on the animal phylogenetic tree, making it likely that it is Precambrian in origin. Sponge is a common name for poriferans. An early branching event in the development of animals separated the sponges and other metazoans from one another. This can be one reason why they lack a well-defined and complex organ system.
Because they lack mouths, poriferans suck water through tiny holes in their external walls. Spicules, the hard support structure of these creatures, were historically one of the primary distinguishing characteristics of sponges.
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ceratosaurs, such as carnotaurus, evolved a much shorter and wider skull than most theropod dinosaurs. what advantage would this have given them during hunting?
Large theropod dinosaurs belonging to the genus Carnotaurus lived in South America between approximately 72 and 69.9 (nice) million years ago. Carnotaurus sastrei is the sole species present.
What makes Carnotaurus so well-liked?Carnotaurus has gained a lot of notoriety due to its prominent part in the Disney animated picture Dinosaur, yet the creature portrayed in the movie is bigger than the genuine Carnotaurus.
The fastest dinosaur was it Carnotaurus?Palaeontologists know that Carnotaurus possessed scales on its back and that, according to research on its tail muscles, it was probably one of the fastest theropods. Despite only being known from one specimen, Carnotaurus is remarkably well preserved.
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dna polymerase iii catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to existing rna or dna strands. true or false
The statement is true as DNA polymerase III catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to existing DNA or RNA template strands.
DNA replication, also known as DNA synthesis, involves the enzyme DNA polymerase.
The complementary base pairing rule, which states that adenine binds to thymine and cytosine binds to guanine, is used by the DNA polymerase enzyme to catalyze the addition of nucleotides from the parental DNA strand (template strand) to the complementary strand. Utilizing the ATP-provided energy, the enzyme forms the strand in the 5' to 3' direction by binding the new nucleotide at the 3' OH group.
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in a population of 100 individuals, we have 25 people that are homozygous aa, 50 people that are heterozygous aa, and 25 people that are homozygous aa. how many a alleles are in the homozygous aa group? assuming that the population is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium, match the frequency of the homozygous aa genotype to the appropriate part of the hardy-weinberg equilibrium equation.
The frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa to the relevant part of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation is 2pq.
If there is a population of 100 individuals and we have a cross between two heterozygous individuals i.e. Aa × Aa A aA AA Aaa Aa
aawe, we see that the proportion of offspring is: AA = 1/4
which corresponds to 25% of Aa = 2/4
which corresponds to 50% of aa = 1/4
which equals 25% Now,
in solving the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium There are two equations.
p + q = 1p² + 2pq + q² = 1
where: p² exists as the frequency of an individual with a homozygous dominant genotype (AA) = 25%2 pq as the frequency of an individual with a heterozygous genotype
(Aa) = 50%q² exists as the frequency of an individual with a homozygous recessive genotype(aa) = 25%So the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa to the relevant part of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation is 2pq.
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Why does the process shown in the diagram only occur in plants and certain bacteria and protists?
This process only occur in plants and certain bacteria and protists because plants have chloroplasts with pigment that absorbs sunlight, while humans do not. So the correct option is C. plants have chloroplasts with pigment that absorbs sunlight, while humans do not.
What are chloroplasts?Chloroplasts are organelles found in plants, bacteria and protists which are responsible for photosynthesis. This process will convert light energy into chemical energy such as chlorophyll.
After forming chlorophyll, it absorbs light to be able to carry out photosynthesis and to be able to form ATP and reducing molecules such as NADPH to be able to give energy to the cell to form organic molecules to be able to feed.
Therefore, we can confirm that the correct option is C. plants have chloroplasts with pigment that absorbs sunlight, while humans do not.
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A basketball player broke their arm after falling down during a play. As a result, their bone cells begin mitosis. The cells in the arm before the injury each had 46 chromosomes. After the bone has been repaired, how many chromosomes would you expect to find in the newly divided bone cells?
Since the cells of the broken arm had undergone mitosis, therefore the newly divided cells will also have 46 chromosomes.
Mitosis is the equational division. It is the process of cell division where the number of chromosomes remains the same even after cell division. There are 4 phases in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Almost all the cells of the body except the germ cells undergo mitosis.
Chromosomes are the compactly packaged structures that contain the genetic material. They comprise of DNA and histone proteins. This form of packaging is the one in which the genetic material gets transferred from parents to their offspring.
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Organisms in a lake can survive long, cold winters because ice forms a layer of insulation at the top of the lake. What characteristic of water makes this possible?.
Because of the insulation provided by the ice that forms on the lake's surface and the fact that frozen water expands and becomes less dense, organisms in lakes can withstand long, cold winters.
What are an example and an organism?A living creature that has an organized structure, is capable of responding to stimuli, can reproduce, develop, adapt, and preserve homeostasis is referred to as an organism. Therefore, every animal, plant, fungus, protist, bacterium, or archaeon found on Earth would be considered an organism.
What kind of organism is the best example?Organisms are unique forms of life. For instance, every tree in a forest is a living thing. The terms "microorganisms" are often used to refer to single-celled prokaryotes and eukaryotes .
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which species are representatives of the green algae? multiple choice chlamydomonas, volvox, and coralline coralline algae, volvox, and spirogyra diatoms, volvox, and spirogyra chlamydomonas, volvox, and spirogyra diatoms, chlamydomonas, and volvox
The representatives of the green algae are Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Spirogyra
What is algae?
Algae are members of a paraphyletic group that set them apart from other types of life by being eukaryotic, watery, and photosynthetic. They cover a broad spectrum of creatures, from single cells through colonies to multicellular organisms.
What is green algae?
A kind of algae known as green algae are distinguished by their greenish color. The presence of a lot of chlorophylls a and b in the plastids of green algae is what gives them their greenish hue and allows them to photosynthesize. The ratios of these pigments are identical to those seen in vascular plants.
Therefore, Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Spirogyra are the members belong to green algae.
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How are the transport problems of a freshwater organism different from those of a saltwater organism?
Answer: The opposite
Explanation:
Salt water: water tends to be removed from cells due to osmosis
Fresh water: the opposite! Species that are adapted to those environments have to use active transport to adjust their water levels to the natural tendencies of osmosis in certain situations.
What is the effect of a nucleotide-pair substitution that results in a nonsense mutation in a gene?.
An additional kind of substitution is a nonsense variation. The changed DNA sequence, however, results in a stop signal that prematurely tells the cell to stop producing proteins, as to creating change in amino acid.
Where is DNA located in a human?Every cell in the body has DNA inside its nucleus. Its components are carefully packaged inside structures called chromosomes. Most individuals have 46 pairs of chromosomes, or 23 pairs each pair.
What is DNA made of?What is DNA composed of? Nucleotides are the chemical units that make up DNA. Three components make up these building blocks: a phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different nitrogen bases. Chains of nucleotides with alternating sugar phosphate groups are linked to form a strand of DNA.
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What is the purpose of spindle fibers during mitosis?
Answer: Separate the Sister Chromatids
Explanation: Spindle Fibers are on either end of the cell pulling the chromosomes apart during Anaphase
you look at a blood cell and see that it has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it. what kind of cell it is?
You look at a blood cell and see that it has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it which means that the kind of cell is a platelet.
What is Platelet?This is referred to as a tissue which forms part of the blood and it is responsible in the formation of clots which helps to to stop bleeding.
Platelets can only be seen under microscope as a result of it very small shape. It has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it which is therefore the reason why platelet was chosen as the correct choice.
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SOMEONE HELP PLEASEEEE
Scientific Question: Which forest type stores the most carbon per year?
Claim: Which forest stores the most carbon per year?
Evidence: Compare the amount (numbers) of carbon stored by at least 3 different forests. Answer in complete sentences.
Reasoning: Use information from the reading and table to support your claim. Provide a connection between carbon being stored and photosynthesis.
The tropical rainforest stores the most carbon per year.
The tropical rainforest is known for its high productivity and ability to store large amounts of carbon due to its high levels of rainfall, temperature, and sunlight. Photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds using energy from the sun, plays a critical role in carbon storage.
The high levels of sunlight and temperature in the tropics allow for year-round photosynthesis, resulting in a greater amount of carbon being stored. The vast biodiversity of tropical rainforests allows for a variety of plant species to grow, each with its own unique abilities to store carbon. Comparatively, boreal and temperate forests store less carbon due to their shorter growing seasons and lower productivity.
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The complete question is:
Which forest type stores the most carbon per year? Claim: Which forest stores the most carbon per year? Evidence: Compare the amount (numbers) of carbon stored by at least 3 different forests. Answer in complete sentences. Reasoning: Use information from the reading and table to support your claim. Provide a connection between carbon being stored and photosynthesis.