Polar aprotic solvents are those solvents which have not acidic proton and polar nature.
Polar aprotic solvents are used in SN1 mechanism because these solvated both carbocation and anion .
The SN1 reaction mechanism follows a stepwise process in which the carbocation is first formed by removal of a leaving group. The carbocation is then attacked by a nucleophile. Finally, the protonated nucleophile is deprotonated to yield the desired product.
Thus, polar protic solvents help stabilize both carbocations and anions, and solvation of both cations and anions aids the progression of the SN1 mechanism. Therefore, polar protic solvents favor the SN1 mechanism.
Polar aprotic solvents are solvents that do not have acidic protons and are polar. Such solvents lack hydroxyl and amine groups. Many solvents, including chlorocarbons and hydrocarbons, can be classified as aprotic, but polar aprotic solvents are of particular interest due to their ability to dissolve salts.
examples: Actone , ethyl acetate
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Which element has the ground state electronic configuration, 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 ?.
The given electronic configuration is of Potassium.
The electron configuration in atomic physics and quantum chemistry refers to the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus or the distribution of electrons within an atom or molecule.
One orbital can house a maximum of two electrons, and there are four different types of orbitals (s, p, d, and f). More electrons can be held in the p, d, and f orbitals since they contain various sub levels.
Thus, the given atomic configuration is 1s²,2s²,2p⁶,3s²,3p⁶4s¹.
by counting the number of electrons present in orbitals we can find out the atomic number of the atom because ,
no of electrons present = atomic number
thus, no of electrons = 2+2+6+2+6+1=19
the element with atomic number 19 is potassium.
thus, the given electronic configuration is of potassium.
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potassium sulfate and calcium chloride
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. Enter NOREACTION if no reaction occurs.
Potassium sulfate and Calcium chloride reacts with each other to form Potassium chloride and Calcium sulphate. The chemical yield in this process is about 99%.
The balanced chemical reaction for the reaction of Potassium sulfate and Calcium chloride is given as:
CaCl₂ + K₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + 2KCl
The reaction between Potassium sulfate and Calcium chloride is a double displacement type of reaction.
Double displacement reaction is a type of reaction where one part of the reactant is replaced by the another part of the reactant.
The general form of double displacement reaction is written as:
AB + CD → AD + BC
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hydrocarbons with double bonds do not have free rotation around the double bond. this is most closely related to:
This is closely related to pi bonds in double and triple bonds prevent these bonds from rotating.
This rigidity has an effect on the physical structure of compounds and can influence chemical reactivity. Here double bonds contain pie orbitals, they are not free to rotate.
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PLS HELP!
How are names for ionic compounds with transition metals different from those without transition metals?
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, ionic compounds with transition metals and ionic compounds without transition metals are named in the same way.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
Ionic compounds with transition metals are named with the same method as compounds without transition metals, except the charge of the metal ion is specified by a Roman numeral in parentheses after the name of the metal.
Therefore, ionic compounds with transition metals and ionic compounds without transition metals are named in the same way.
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Which type of neuron begins in most body organs and carries information toward the central nervous system?.
Answer:
Afferent or sensory neurons
Explanation:
They collect stimuli received by receptors throughout the body, including the skin, eyes, ears, nose, and tongue as well as pain and other receptors in the internal organs. Sensory information is transmitted to the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord.
stion 1 of 10
What does a pH of 7 say about a solution?
O A. The solution is neutral.
B. The solution is at equilibrium.
OC. The solution is acidic.
O D. The solution is basic.
The correct answer is A. A pH of 7 say about a solution is The solution is neutral.
What is a pH of 7A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution. The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a solution. A pH value of 7 is considered neutral, which means the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution. In other words, the solution is neither acidic nor basic.
Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), which makes them more acidic. The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of H+ ions and the stronger the acid.
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which hydrogen atoms would show a signal with a chemical shift between 4.5 and 6.5? there is only one correct choice.
The hydrogen atoms would show a signal with a chemical shift between 4.5 and 6.5 is the methyl group
A small molecule consists of one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms. Methyl groups are attached to or extracted from proteins or nucleic acids and can change the way these molecules function in the body. Stable. Functional groups generally do not react except in the presence of very strong acids or bases.
Despite this stable structure, methyl groups can become trapped in a process known as 'methylation' where the entire functional group is transferred to another molecule. Epigenetics, gene expression, liver detoxification, and neurotransmitter synthesis all rely on this enzyme-mediated response.
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Replace this sample text with the prompt or directions for this item.
The atomic number of an element is the number of
The atomic mass is the number of
The electrons in the outermost shell are known as the
protons protons and neutrons
valence electrons
Answer:
1. Protons
2. Protons and Neutrons
3. Valence electrons
Explanation:
if the concentration of the stock (provided) cu(nh3)42 was 0.068 m, what concentration will the cu2 be in beaker
The concentration of the cu2+ in the braker will be 0.068 molar.
Concentration is known as the measure of the relative proportions of two or more quantities in a mixture of solution. Concentration determines the number of molecules are present in the solution. Concentration also determines the acidity and basicity of the solution.
In the given condition we have 0.068 molar of copper in the solution.
Therefore,
[Cu2+] = 1 molCu(NH3)/ l x 1 mol Cu2+/ 1 moleCu(NH3)
1 molCu(NH3) gets cancelled on both the sides.
as we know, from the given condition [Cu2+] = 0.068 molar
Therefore, 0.068 = 1 mol Cu2+ / l
Therefore, the concentration in the beaker of the copper will be 0.068molar.
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An iron nail is composed of four sotopes with the Percentage abundances given in the table below average Calculate the average atomic mass of iron Isotopes - Percentage
fe-54 - 5.80
fe-56 - 91.72
fe-57 - 2.20
fe-58 - 0.28
The average atomic mass of iron Isotopes is 55.90 amu.
What is the average atomic mass?We know that because there is a phenomenon that we call isotopy, the average atomic mass of the elements is often not a whole number. The atoms of the elements tend to differ in the number of the neutrons that they posses. Thus isotopes are the atoms of the same elements that do not have the same number of neutrons.
We now have to obtain the relative atomic mass of the iron atom while taking note of the different isotopes that we gave in the atom as we can see.
We thus have;
(54 * 5.80/100) + (56 * 91.72/100) + (57 * 2.20/100) + (58 * 0.28/100)
= 3.13 + 51.36 + 1.25 + 0.16
= 55.90 amu
The average atomic mass of the iron as we can see from the calculation that is based on the table is obtained as 55.90 amu.
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which one of the following molecules consists of a branched chain?
A.C6H6
B. CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3
C. CH3CH2CH2CH3
D. C2H6
question content area stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate (reduces the dissolving time to reach equilibrium) because the ...
Stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate because stirring affects how quickly a solute dissolves in a solvent but does not affect how much solute will dissolve.
The sum of solute that will break up is influenced by temperature - more will break down at higher temperatures. Typically called the solubility of the solute.
Charts of the solvency at distinctive temperatures can be utilized to decide how much will break down, or at which temperature a given arrangement will be gotten to be saturated.
Stirring moves the dissolvable particles around, permitting them to connect with the strong pieces of undissolved solute and transporting the broken-up solute absent into the bulk of the solution.
In the nonappearance of blending, the concentration of solute will be most noteworthy near the pieces of solute, so more solute won't break down into the arrangement until the broken-up solute has been transported absent by dissemination.
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What is the volume of a nugget of gold that has a mass of 93,300g?
Answer:
4834.20 ml or 4.8342 L
Explanation:
Gold has density of 19.30 g/ml
so according to d = m/V
V = m/d = 93,300/19.30 = 4834.19689119 = 4834.20 ml or 4.8342 L
The volume of nuggets of gold that has a mass of 93,300g is 4834.20 ml or 4.8342 L.
What is volume?Volume is the space occupied by a three-dimensional object.
Density is the mass per unit volume. Density is a scalar quantity. It is denoted by d and the symbol for density is given as rho, a Greek symbol. Density is calculated as mass divided by volume.
Density is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to volume. Thus, with an increase in density, mass increases and volume decreases, and vice-versa
Gold has a density of 19.30 g/ml
so according to density = mass/ volume
V = m/d = 93,300 / 19.30 = 4834.19
4834.20 ml or 4.8342 L
Therefore, the volume of nuggets of gold that has a mass of 93,300g is 4834.20 ml or 4.8342 L.
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a 30.0 g sample of water at a temperature of 280.0 k is mixed with 50.0 g of water at 330.0 k. what is the final temperature of the mixture (in kelvin) assuming that no heat is lost to the surroundings? (enter the numerical answer only; do not enter a unit.)
The final temperature after mixing these solutions will be 311K.
This can be calculated using formula:
q = m⋅c⋅(change in temperature)
−q (lost) = q (gained)
This is equivalent to
−50.0g⋅ (T−330)K = 30.0g⋅ (T-280)K
−50⋅T+16500 =30⋅T−8400
80.0⋅T = 24900
T = 311.25 K
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what is the percent by mass (m/m%) of ethanol (c2h6o) solution that was prepared by dissolving 50.500 g of ethanol into water to a final volume of 750.0 ml? assume the solution has a density of 1.20 g/ml.
The (m/m%) concentration of ethanol is the solution is 5.55%.
The density of the solution is given to be 1.20 g/ml. The volume of the solution is 750 ml.
We know,
Density = mass/volume
Mass of solution = Density of solution x Volume of solution
Mass of solution = 1.2 x 750
Mass of solution = 900 grams.
The mass of solute, ethanol is 50 grams.
So, (m/m%) of ethanol is,
(m/m%) of ethanol = Mass of ethanol/mass of solution x 100
(m/m%) of ethanol = 50/900 x 100
(m/m%) of ethanol = 5.55%.
So, the (m/m%) of ethanol is 5.55%.
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PLEASE HELP FAST
What is the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by Na+ and N¯³
Responses:
NaN,
Na3N,
NaN3,
Na3N3
Answer:
The chemical formula for the ionic compound is
Na3N3
this reaction makes potassium superoxide useful in a self-contained breathing apparatus. how much o2 could be produced from 2.45 g of ko2 and 4.48 g of co2?
Chemical reaction - 0.823 grams O2 could be produced from 2.45 g of ko2 and 4.48 g of CO_2
What is Chemical reaction?
Chemical reactions happen absolutely everywhere. While we sometimes associate chemical reactions with the sterile environment of test tubes and laboratories, nothing is farther from the truth. In fact, a vast number of transformations are creating a dizzying and almost incomprehensible series of new matter and energy changes in our world every second of every day. In nature, chemical reactions can be much more difficult to control and in some cases much more complex than in the laboratory, and generally occur whether you want it or not!In the woods A raging fire, the slow rusting process of iron over the years in the presence of oxygen and water, or the delicate ripening of fruit on a tree, the transformation of various chemicals, etc... (reactants ) into another group of substances (products) is a so-called chemical reaction.
Moles KO2 = 2.44g/(71.1g/mole) = 0.034 moles
Moles CO2 = 4.45g/(44g/mole) = 0.10 moles
4KO2 + 2CO2 —> 2K2CO3 + 3O2
The reaction requires twice as many moles of KO2 than moles of CO2. That means 0.10 mole of CO2 would consume 0.20 moles of KO2. But we only have 0.034 moles of KO2, so the limiting reagent is KO2.
There are 3 moles of O2 produced for every 2 moles of CO2 consumed. In this case we'll assume all of the KO2 reacts, so that should result in (3/4) * (0.034moles) = 0.025 moles of O2 .
To get the mass, 0.025 mole * (32g/mole) = 0.823 grams O2
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When sample X'is passed through a filter paper a
white residue, Y, remains on the paper and a clear
liquid, Z, passes through. When liquid Z is
vaporized, another white residue remains. Sample
X is best classified as
Sample X is best classified as a heterogeneous mixture
Homogenous mixture has the same uniform composition and appearance through out the reaction and it is difficult to separate the substrates present in it.
A heterogeneous mixture contains of visibly different phases or substances. Here separating the mixture becomes easy.
In the given question When sample X is passed through the filter paper we see that a white residue is remaining which is Y. This itself suggests that the the mixture is heterogeneous mixture.
As we initially got the residue it suggests that the solution is a homogenous mixture as we can now differentiate two substances
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a dilution was prepared by transferring 5.00 ml of a 0.100 m stock solution to a 50-ml volumetric flask and filling the flask with di water. what is the molarity of the dilution?
The molarity of the dilution is 0.01 M.
Parameter
Volume of first solution = V₁ = 5.00 mLMolarity of first solution = M₁ = 0.100 MVolume of second solution = V₂ = 50 mLWhen we fill the flask with the first solution and water until its full, we make a dilution.
The concentration changed when we added water, but the number of moles stay the same.
[tex]M = \frac{n}{V}[/tex]
M = molarity (Molar)n = number of moleV = volumen₁=n₂
V₁×M₁ = V₂×M₂
5.00×0,100=50×M₂
0.500=50×M₂
[tex]M_2 = \frac{0.500}{50}[/tex]
M₂ = 0,01 M
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Chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world.
Answer:
The chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world is carbon(II) oxide
The chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world is carbon(II) oxide.
What is ocean acidification?Ocean acidification is the global decrease in seawater pH caused by the oceans' extensive uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Ocean acidification is primarily caused by the Earth's atmosphere being overburdened with massive amounts of CO2, which is created by automobiles, industrial processes, and agricultural activities.
A third to a half of the CO2 produced into the atmosphere by human activity since the start of the Industrial Revolution, or around 1750, is being absorbed by the oceans. Scientists believe that at that time, seawater's average pH decreased between 8.19 to 8.05, representing a 30% increase in acidity. The chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world is carbon(II) oxide.
Therefore, the chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world is carbon(II) oxide.
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Surprisingly, dipole-diple is not the predominant intermolecular force between ibr molecules in liquid ibr. Based on this information, what must be the main imf for ibr?.
Dipoles are not the dominant intermolecular forces between IBr molecules in liquids. IBr is a covalent bond.
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that requires the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. The constant balance between attractive and repulsive forces between atoms according to their share of electrons is called a covalent bond.
Covalent bonds are much more common in natural chemistry than ionic bonds. A covalent bond is the simultaneous attraction of the nucleus to one or more electron pairs. Covalent compounds generally have low boiling and melting factors and are determined in all three body states at room temperature. Covalent bonds no longer conduct electricity; This is because covalent compounds no longer have charged particles that can carry electrons.
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which of the following minerals participates in antioxidant reactions? multiple choice question. phosphorus potassium calcium selenium
According to the given statement potassium minerals participates in antioxidant reactions.
What role do antioxidants play in redox reactions?Redox control of signaling pathways is important in defining the expression of genes and cells in response to peroxidation because natural antioxidants play a vital role in lowering ROS/RNS levels.
How do antioxidants inhibit oxidation?By neutralizing free radicals, complexing prooxidative ions, quenching molecular oxygen and phototherapy, and inactivating lipoxygenase, antioxidants prevent food from oxidizing. An antioxidant is a substance that has the power to prevent another molecule from oxidizing; in other words, an antioxidant is a limiting reagent stable enough to give an atom to a free radical in motion, neutralizing it.
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The recipe for an individual pizza is 1 crust, 1 scoop of tomato sauce, 0.5 cups of shredded mozzarella cheese, and 9 slices of pepperoni. In your kitchen, you have 2 crusts, 4 scoops of tomato sauce, 1 cup of cheese, and 9 slices of pepperoni. Which ingredient is the excess reactant?
A. pepperoni
B. tomato sauce
C. crust
D. cheese
The excess reactant in the preparation of pizza from the given materials is tomato sauce; option B
What is an excess reactant?In a chemical reaction, the excess reactant is the reactant that is left over at the end of the reaction.
The excess reactant is present in a quantity greater than the mole ratio of the reactant to form a product.
Considering the given reaction and the mole ratio of the reaction:
Recipe for 1 pizza = 1 crust, 1 scoop of tomato sauce, 0.5 cups of shredded mozzarella cheese, and 9 slices of pepperoni.
Amount present = 2 crusts, 4 scoops of tomato sauce, 1 cup of cheese, and 9 slices of pepperoni.
Excess reactant = tomato sauce.
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Answer:
Cheese
Explanation:
Did the lab
how to check if the rain is acidic
Answer:
By collecting the rainwater carefully without allowing for any contamination one can then determine by an instrument known as a pH meter the acidity of the solution.
Explanation:
What kind of light is absorbed by greenhouse gases like CO2 to cause warming of the atmosphere?
The kind of light absorbed by greenhouse gases that causes the warming of the atmosphere is infrared light.
What is global warming?Global warming refers to the increase in the average global temperature as a result of an increased amount of absorbed infrared light by greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases are gases that form a blanket layer in the atmosphere and prevent reflected low-energy infrared light from the sun from returning back to space. By absorbing this light, greenhouse gases are able to keep the earth warm.
However, as the concentration of greenhouse gases keeps increasing in the atmosphere, so is the amount of infrared light absorbed. Consequently, the atmosphere keeps getting warmer. The more the concentration of the gases increases, the more the temperature.
This is what is currently causing global warming.
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What element has the highest electrical conductivity?
Mg
H
He
CI
Helium(He) will have the highest electrical conductivity.
Magnesium (Mg) is a metal, so it is electrically conductive in nature, though not as much as hydrogen and helium.
Above certain temperatures, hydrogen(H) is also electrically conductive.
Helium(He) The ease with which an electric charge or heat can pass through a material is measured as conductivity. A conductor is a material that resists the flow of an electric current or thermal energy very little. Metals are generally good conductors of electricity.
Because chlorine(Cl) is a nonmetal, it has the lowest electrical conductivity.
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the ability of sim agar to test for hydrogen sulfide production is based on the addition of which of the following substrates? the ability of sim agar to test for hydrogen sulfide production is based on the addition of which of the following substrates? ferrous sulfate sodium thiosulfate peptone peptones, sodium thiosulfate, and ferrous sulfate submit request answer part b hydrogen sulfide gas has a characteristic odor that is similar to what smell? hydrogen sulfide gas has a characteristic odor that is similar to what smell? rotten eggs garden soil body odor baking bread
The ability of sim agar to test for hydrogen sulfide production is based on the addition of which of the following substrates - Peptones, Sodium Thiosulphate, Ferrous Sulfate.
What is Sim agar ?An example of a multi-test medium is SIM (sulfide, indole, motility) media, which examines multiple aspects of the bacterium's metabolism simultaneously. In this instance, motility, indole synthesis, and hydrogen sulfide generation.
Motility, indole, and sulfur. This media is differential. It examines an organism's capacity to reduce sulfur, make indole, and move through the agar (be motile). SIM is frequently used to distinguish between Enterobacteriaceae species.
Pancreatic digest of casein, peptic digest of animal tissue, ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4), sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3, agar (3.5 g/L), and distilled water are all ingredients in SIM Medium.
The colorless gas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a pungent smell of rotting eggs. The eyes and respiratory system may get irritated after being exposed to hydrogen sulfide.
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what mass of potassium nitrate can be produced from the reaction of 30.00ml of 0.10m nitric acid with 15.00ml of 0.25m potassium carbonate?
0.28986 M mass of potassium nitrate can be produced from the reaction of 30.00ml of 0.10m nitric acid with 15.00ml of 0.25m potassium carbonate
V₁S₁ = V₂S₂ ( V₁ is the volume of acid ,S₁ is the strength of acid, V₂ is the volume of base , S₂ is the strength of base)
So, S1= V2S2 /V1
Putting the values ;
S1= V2S2 /V1
=> S1 = (32.58×0.08897)/10.00
=> S1 = 0.28986
concentration of solution of phosphoric acid = 0.28986 M
One or more chemicals, sometimes referred to as reactants, are changed into one or more new substances, referred to as products, during a chemical reaction. Chemical elements and compounds are both substances. reacting in action, procedure, or example. opposition to a movement, power, or effect The transformation of one or more chemicals into one or more other compounds is known as a chemical reaction. Examples include how rust is created when iron and oxygen combine. Making sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water from vinegar and baking soda. Exploding or burning items
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ice cubes are added to an insulated cup of hot water. as a result, the temperature of the water decreases and the ice melts. what statement best explains the change in entropy of the system, which is the combination of water and ice cubes, on a molecular level?
The entropy of the system increases according to increase entropy principle
The Increase in Entropy Principle states that for any process the total change in entropy of a system together with its enclosing adiabatic surroundings is always greater than or equal to zero.
The measure of a system's thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work. Because work is obtained from ordered molecular motion, the amount of entropy is also a measure of the molecular disorder, or randomness, of a system.
So hence when ice cubes are added into a insulated cup of hot water it decreases the temperature and the ice melts
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The mystery element is in group 2 period 6. It has an atomic weight of
137.33. What element is this, and how many protons and electrons and neutrons does it have
The element that is present in group 2 and period 6 of the periodic table is Barium. The number of electrons here is 56, proton is 56 and neutron is 81.
Periodic table is systematic arrangement of the all the known elements, where the elements are arranged in the order of their atomic number. This table helps the for quick understanding of individual properties such as as their mass, electron number, electron configuration and their unique chemical properties.
The columns of the periodic table are called the groups. There are 18 groups in total. Members of the same group in the table have the same number of electrons in the outermost shells of their atoms and form bonds of the same type.
The horizontal rows are called periods. Periods represents to the relationship of orbitals, or likely areas in which electrons will be found, inside the outermost shell of the atom. As we go down the period the more of electron cloud around the nucleus increases. There are total 7 periods in the periodic table.
If we read the periodic table then we will understand that the element which is present in group 2 and period 6 with atomic weight 137.33 is Barium. As the atomic number of Barium is Z=56 so Np=Ne=56. remaining is 81 which is the number of neutrons.
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