The term for a boundary surface in a sequence of rock strata indicating lack of deposition, where erosion and deformation may have occurred an unconformity.
A buried erosional or non-depositional surface that separates two rock masses or strata with varying ages is called an unconformity, and it shows that sediment deposition was not continuous. However, the term is used to describe any pause in the sedimentary geologic record. In general, the older layer was exposed to erosion for a period of time before the younger layer was deposited.
A contact between two rock units called an unconformity occurs when the upper unit is typically significantly younger than the lower level. Unconformities are frequently buried erosional surfaces that can signify a discontinuity in the geologic record of several hundred million years or more. For instance, the contact between a bedrock surface that is 600 million years old and weathered 400 million years ago sandstone is an unconformity that signifies a 200 million year time gap. During that 200 million year period, sediment and/or rock that was immediately deposited on the bedrock was worn away, exposing the "basement" surface. Disconformities, nonconformities, and angular unconformities are the three different types of unconformities.
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A free-market system, which is largely controlled by market forces such as
supply and demand, is best defined by which of the following?
OA. Socialism
OB. Capilism
OC. Unionism
OD. Communism
How can countries without natural resources acquire them? (give two examples)
There is debate on the expansion of laws that protect forests and other ecosystems from
economic development. If you lived in Canada, where would you stand on the issue and give
reasons for your position.
If I was living in Canada the opinion that I would have on the law would be that the environment should not be depleted further for economic gains due to the severity of environmental issues that are faced in the world. I would support the law.
What are environmental laws?Aspects of the law that safeguard the environment are collectively referred to as environmental law. The management of certain natural resources, such as forests, minerals, or fisheries, is the focus of a related but separate set of regulatory regimes that are now heavily impacted by environmental legal principles.
Even though some topics, like environmental impact assessment, may not cleanly fit into either category, they are nonetheless significant aspects of environmental law.
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Making inferences in what ways do erosions affect the lives of humans? Think about:
1. Water, Wind, and glacial action.
The ways that erosions would have to affect the lives of humans is that it would lead to loss of fertile land it would lead to a rise in pollution, it would cause a rise in sediments as well as clogging on waterways. The water lives would experience a decline as well.
What is meant by erosion?Earthen materials are worn away during erosion, a geological process in which they are moved by wind or water. Weathering, a related process that does not involve movement, dissolves or breaks down rock.
A little rock fragment being carried away from a mountainside by the wind as an illustration of erosion. Chemical weathering is the breakdown of rock and soil brought on by chemical processes.
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What system includes the core, mantle, and crust of the earth? a. geosphere b. hydrosphere c. atmosphere d. biosphere please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
a) geosphere
Explanation:
geosphere includes all the rocks that make up Earth, from the partially melted rock under the crust, to ancient, towering mountains, to grains of sand on a beach. Both
g mckibben extols the virtues of interplanetary colonization: now that we know the earth cannot support human life for much longer, we can always count on moving the species to another planet. true false
The statement made by Bill McKibben is false. There is no evidence to suggest that the Earth cannot support human life for much longer. In fact, there is evidence to suggest that the Earth can support human life for many more years.
The main reason why the Earth cannot support human life for much longer is because of the increasing population. As the population increases, the amount of resources decreases. This eventually leads to a situation where the Earth cannot support the population. However, this is not a situation that we are currently in. There is no evidence to suggest that the Earth cannot support human life for much longer.
Extinction is inevitable and there is no other planet that can support human life.The sun will eventually expand and consume the earth, making it uninhabitable. Even if humans could find another planet to live on, they would eventually exhaust its resources and it would become uninhabitable. The universe is infinite, but the resources on any one planet are limited. Sooner or later, the resources on Earth will be depleted and the human race will perish.
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Where in the region would the Great Lakes be found?
A large chunk of the Canadian Ontario province and eight states that bordering the Great Lakes inside the United States—New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota—are comprised of the Great Lakes area .
There really are 60 million living in that area. Among the major cities all along Great Lakes are Buffalo, Milwaukee, Cleveland, Chicago, Detroit,and Toronto, which together contribute to the region's $2 trillion economy, the largest outside of Japan and the United States.
These immense inland freshwater oceans, which stretch and over 750 miles (1,200 km) from( west to east ), have given water for drinking, transportation, power, recreation, and other uses.
The Great Lakes is indeed the planet's biggest freshwater surface water system, with about 18% of the planet's freshwater.
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what is the name for the divide that sends water to the mississippi river and the atlantic ocean?
Continental divide is the name for the divide that sends water to the Mississippi river and the Atlantic ocean.
A natural ridge or border that divides a continent's river systems is known as a continental divide. A different ocean basin, bay, or sea is fed by each river system.
Large drainage divisions that span entire continents are known as continental divides or simply divides. Watersheds of all sizes are divided by boundaries called divides. In elevated topography, such as mountain ranges or hills, drainage divides can occur at any scale.
In general, rain that falls on one side of the divide will go into one basin and rain that falls on the other side will go into a different basin.
In some instances, water flows toward an endorheic basin, like a salt flat or a salt lake. Endorheic basins, which don't connect to an ocean or another significant body of water.
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From where does geothermal energy come? question 3 options: from deep within the earth from nonrenewable energy sources from the energy captured from the sun from steam
Geothermal energy comes from deep within the earth.
We can describe geothermal energy as the heat energy that is situated in the core of the Earth.
This heat energy present in the core of the Earth is a renewable resource.
The geothermal energy present inside the Earth is very useful as it can be used for different purposes such as generating electricity, cooking etc.
If the heat energy inside the Earth gets a rapid rise in temperature, then it can emerge from mountains as lava.
One major use of geothermal energy is the formation of geothermal heat pumps.
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Answer
I'm pretty sure its deep within the earth
ExplenationExplanation
The word Geothermal has the part "Geo" in it and it refers to earth.
deserts - cairo, egypt. the problem 1 placemark flies you to the pyramids of giza on the southwestern outskirts of cairo, egypt. these structures are located on the eastern edge of the largest desert in the world (the desert covers most of northern africa). what is the name of this desert? a. gobi b. sahara c. mojave d. kalahari
The Sahara desert is the name of this desert.
What are features of Sahara desert ?
Large oasis depressions, shallow, seasonally inundated basins (chotts and dayas), gravel-covered plains, rock-strewn plateaus (hammadas), abrupt mountains, sand sheets, dunes, and sand seas are among the main topographical characteristics of the Sahara (ergs). The 11,204-foot (3,415-meter) Mount Koussi top in Chad's Tibesti Mountains is the highest point in the desert. The Qattara Depression in Egypt has the lowest elevation at 436 feet (133 meters) below sea level.
The African Shield, which is made up of highly folded and depleted Precambrian rocks, is atop which the Sahara is located. Subsequently formed Paleozoic strata have remained horizontal and largely unmodified because of the shield's durability.
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Is this statement true or false? vast, grassy plains known as pampas, cover much of northern venezuela.
stalagmites a. begin as delicate, hollow structures called soda straws. b. are icicle-shaped cones that hang from cave ceilings. c. are a type of flowstone. d. are composed of limestone precipitated out of cave water.
Limestone that has precipitated out of subterranean water makes up stalagmites.
Stalagmites are made of dripstone rather than flowstone, which forms as layers of materials over large surfaces. Stalactites, which dangle from cave ceilings, are formed from soda straws.
A stalagmite is a particular kind of rock structure that rises from a cave's floor as a result of the buildup of debris left behind by ceiling drips. Stalagmites can also be made of magma, mud, peat, tar, sand, sinter, & amber in addition to their normal calcium carbonate composition.
A stalactite is created as the accepted minerals accumulate following many drips of water. If there is still any dissolved calcite in the water that falls to the cave floor, it may leave behind additional dissolved calcite, creating a stalagmite.
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Which of the factors affecting climate has the greatest impact on the climate in your region?
The climate where you live.
if you were drilling for groundwater instead of oil, what type of sedimentary rock would you target to produce the maximum amount of fresh water from your well?
Because of its great permeability, sandstone is the sedimentary rock type you should aim for if extracting the most freshwater out of the well.
A body of permeable rock or sediment filled with groundwater is known as an aquifer. When it rains, groundwater seeps into an aquifer via the soil. Through springs and wells, it can surface after moving through the aquifer.
Sand-sized silicate granules make up the majority of the clastic sedimentary rock known as sandstone. About 20–25% of overall sedimentary rocks are sandstones. Because quartz and feldspar are the minerals that resist weathering the most at the Earth's surface, they make up the majority of sandstone.
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global climate models cannot predict the exact global average temperature of the earth in the year 2100 with total certainty. explain two different reasons for this fact. be specific and detailed in your explanations.
Global Climate Models are used for general trends, but due to anthropogenic activities and natural variability, they will not be able to accurately forecast the precise climate in the years ahead at specific moments in time.
There is no way to foresee natural disasters, therefore accuracy may not be able to account for a specific event in the earth's system.It is challenging to start the model since some areas do not have data for climatic parameters, and we do not even have measurements at all times. Clouds are the biggest source of doubt in global climate models because we don't completely grasp their physics.
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Answer:
Worldwide Environment Models are utilized for general patterns, however because of anthropogenic exercises and normal fluctuation, they can not precisely gauge the exact environment in the years ahead at explicit minutes in time.
Explanation:
It is basically impossible to predict catastrophic events, subsequently precision will be unable to represent a particular occasion in the world's system.It is trying to begin the model since certain areas don't have information for climatic boundaries anthropogenic and we don't have estimations consistently. Mists are the greatest wellspring of uncertainty in worldwide environment models since we don't totally get a handle on their material science.
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the surface water temperatures near land tend to be more extreme than those of the open ocean at the same latitude. this is because . (select all that apply.)
There are a few reasons for this. Firstly, land masses absorb and retain heat more effectively than water. This is due to the fact that water has a higher specific heat capacity than land, meaning that it takes longer for water to heat up or cool down.
Additionally, the ocean is constantly mixing and circulating, which helps to moderate temperatures. Land, on the other hand, is more static, so extreme temperatures are more likely to be felt. Finally, the wind blowing over the ocean can also help to moderate temperatures, whereas on land there is often less wind to dissipate heat.
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andesitic lava tends to erupt from volcanoes that form along subduction zones. what magma forming process creates andesitic lava?
Answer:
The magma forming process that creates andesitic lava is called fractional crystallization.
Explanation:
The magma forming process that creates andesitic lava is called fractional crystallization. This process happens when a magma chamber cools and crystallizes, and the different types of minerals that form crystallize at different rates. The slower-crystallizing minerals tend to sink to the bottom of the magma chamber, while the faster-crystallizing minerals rise to the top. When the magma is erupted, it is richer in the faster-crystallizing minerals, which gives it an andesitic composition.
When does a volcano occur?
Answer:
Volcanoes erupt when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma is formed when the earth's mantle melts. Melting may happen where tectonic plates are pulling apart or where one plate is pushed down under another. Magma is lighter than rock so rises towards the Earth's surface.
Explanation:
Why and how do volcanoes actually erupt?
Volcanoes erupt when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma is formed when the earth's mantle melts.
Melting may happen where tectonic plates are pulling apart or where one plate is pushed down under another.
Magma is lighter than rock so rises towards the Earth's surface. As the magma rises, bubbles of gas form inside it.
Runny magma erupts through openings or vents in the earth's crust before flowing onto its surface as lava.
If magma is thick, gas bubbles cannot easily escape and pressure builds up as the magma rises.
When the pressure is too much an explosive eruption can happen, which can be dangerous and destructive.
Another way an eruption happens is when water underneath the surface interacts with hot magma and creates steam,
this can build up enough pressure to cause an explosion.
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the riverbed of the yellow river is currently 20 meters above the floodplain, which would normally cause it to change course. what allowed the river to reach this condition?
The construction of levees is why the river reached this condition.
what is a flood plain?
A relatively flat region of land near a river or stream is referred to as a floodplain (or floodplain). It extends from the river's banks to the valley's outer reaches. A floodplain is divided into two sections. The first is the floodway, which is the river's main channel.
A levee is a dam with a specific function: to guard against floods caused by seasonally high water. Levees are vulnerable to water loading for only brief periods each year, ranging from a few days to a few weeks, unlike small earth dams. They must therefore be created and designed using levee-specific standards.
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if a body of magma undergoes fractional crystallization, the first rock that crystallizes from the magma will be .
The first rock that crystallises from magma will be the one with the one having lowest melting point. This is because the rocks with the highest melting point will remain in the magma longer, and will thus be the last to crystallize.
The first rock that crystallises from the magma will be the one with the lowest melting point because the magma will cool and crystallize from the bottom up. The rocks with the lowest melting point will crystallize first, followed by the rocks with the higher melting point. This process is known as fractional crystallization.Fractional crystallization is a process of crystallisation in which a melt of a single composition breaks up into a solid solution with more than one phase.
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Which of the factors affecting climate has the greatest impact on the climate in your region?
Think about:
The four factors affecting climate.
(im in california)
Factors influencing the Climate
Topography
The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. Mountain ranges are natural barriers to air movement. In California, winds off the Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast. The Coastal Range allows for some condensation and light precipitation.
Prevailing global wind patterns
Latitude affects climate. Two ways it does this is the amount of sunlight different latitudes receive and prevailing winds change at different latitudes. The sunlight distribution changes in that, because of the Earth’s tilt; the equatorial region receives the most sunlight of anywhere on earth. Because of this, the higher or lower you go in latitude away from the equator, the less sunlight and therefore, colder on average the area will be.
Relative Humidity
In general, relative humidities are moderate to high along the coast throughout the year. Inland humidities are high during the winter and low during the summer. Since the ocean is the source of the cool, humid, maritime air of summer, it follows that with increasing distance from the ocean, relative humidity tends to decrease. Where mountain barriers prevent the free flow of marine air inland, humidities decrease rapidly. Where openings in these barriers permit a significant influx of cool, moist air it mixes with the drier inland air, resulting in a more gradual decrease of moisture. This pattern is characteristic of most coastal valleys.
Floods
In southern California, most flooding is the result of heavy precipitation over periods of one or two days. The short streams and steep watersheds emptying onto lowlands that may be heavily populated, produce large volumes of water within short periods and damage is often severe. The problem is sometimes compounded by the denuding of large areas of the watershed by fire during the previous season.
The west slopes of the coastal ranges in the central and northern parts of the state also experience flooding as a result of heavy precipitation over a period of only a few days. These streams are usually longer than those of southern California and require a longer time to build up a flood potential. The Eel and Klamath Rivers, as well as others in the northwestern part of California, are larger streams
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What are the possible causes of the change in temperature during the Quaterinary period?
Answer:
At the start of the Quaternary, the continents were just about where they are today, slowing inching here and there as the forces of plate tectonics push and tug them about. But throughout the period, the planet has wobbled on its path around the sun. The slight shifts cause ice ages to come and go.
a stratovolcano recently erupted in the united states. although it warned of its impending eruption, it still killed people, partly because it first blew sideways and produced a monstrous landslide. the volcano is
Using the theories of volcano and landslide, we got that Mt. St. Helens is the volcano which recently erupted in the US and killed people, partly because it first blew sideways and produced a monstrous landslide.
The volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and the gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, the volcanoes are most often found where the tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.
Hence, a stratovolcano recently erupted in the united states. although it warned of its impending eruption, it still killed people, partly because it first blew sideways and produced a monstrous landslide. the volcano is Mt. St. Helens.
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A cosmic catastrophe jolts earth so that its axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane between earth and the sun. The largest effect of this change would be?.
A cosmic catastrophe jolts earth so that its axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane between earth and the sun. The largest effect of this change would be the elimination of seasonal variation.
What are seasons?
Seasons are caused by the rotation of earth around its axis and are marked by particular weather and climatic conditions.
In general, there are four types of seasons following each other and are named as spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Moreover, seasons vary depending on their temperature and length, associated weather, specific climate.
To put it simply, the tilted axis of the earth is mainly responsible for the formation of seasons
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how does a muscle pull a bone
Answer:
Muscles are attached to bones by tendons and help them to move. When a muscle contracts (bunches up), it gets shorter and so pulls on the bone it is attached to. When a muscle relaxes, it goes back to its normal size. Muscles can only pull and cannot push. Therefore muscles have to work in pairs to move a joint.
Explanation:
Hoped dat help
Explain how the GAC affects the weather and climate of the tropics. (6 marks)
Global atmospheric circulation (GAC)
The movement of air across the planet occurs in a specific pattern. The whole system is driven by the equator, which is the hottest part of the Earth. Air rises at the equator, leading to low pressure and rainfall.
When the air reaches the edge of the atmosphere, it cannot go any further and so it travels to the north and south. The air becomes cold and falls to create high pressure and dry conditions at around 30° north and south of the equator. Large cells of air are created in this way. Air rises again at around 60° north and south and descends again at around 90° north and south. Global atmospheric circulation creates winds across the planet and leads to areas of high rainfall, like tropical rainforests, and areas of dry air, like deserts.
Global circulation can be described as the worldwide system of winds by which the necessary transport of heat from tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished. In each hemisphere, there are three cells (Hadley cell, Ferrel cell, and Polar cell) in which air circulates through the entire depth of the troposphere. The troposphere is the name given to the vertical extent of the atmosphere from the surface, right up to between 10 and 15 km high.
Hadley cell
Hadley Cells are the low-latitude overturning circulations that have air rising at the equator and air sinking at roughly 30° latitude. They are responsible for the trade winds in the Tropics and control low-latitude weather patterns.
The largest cells extend from the equator to between 30 and 40 degrees north and south and are named Hadley cells, after English meteorologist George Hadley. Within the Hadley cells, the trade winds blow towards the equator, then ascend near the equator as a broken line of thunderstorms, which forms the Inter-Tropical-Convergence Zone (ITCZ). From the tops of these storms, the air flows towards higher latitudes, where it sinks to produce high-pressure regions over the subtropical oceans and the world's hot deserts, such as the Sahara desert in North Africa
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is the igneous layer more likely a lava flow that was laid down at the surface prior to deposition of the layers above it or a sill that intruded after all the sedimentary layers were deposited? explain. is it likely that the igneous layer will exhibit vesicular texture? explain. to which group (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) does the light-colored rock belong? relate your explanation to the rock cycle.
The igneous layer is layers of rock formed from the cooling of magma that rises to the earth's surface and forms a vesicular texture due to gas trapped in the melt during solidification also formed as small crystal. Then the light-colored rock with a vesicular texture belongs to igneous rock, such as pumice.
What is the meaning of igneous rock?
Igneous rock can be defined as follows:
the rock that is formed when magma rises then it experiences cooling and hardening below the earth's surface (intrusive igneous rock) the rock that is formed when magma rises then it experiences cooling and hardening above the earth's surface when an eruption occurs (extrusive igneous rock). Intrusive igneous rocks harden more slowly to form large crystals.Extrusive igneous rocks harden more quickly to form small crystals.The texture of extrusive igneous rocks is vesicular because the gas is trapped and the gas has not had time to be released because the magma hardens too quickly.How is the process of formation of igneous rocks related to the rock cycle?
The process of formation of igneous rocks related to the rock cycle can be explained as follows:
It starts with magma rising but does not reach the surface of the earth and remains hardened on the surface of the earth due to lower temperatures than in the magma chamber and forms intrusive igneous rocks. Meanwhile, magma that reaches the earth's surface during an eruption hardens very quickly and forms extrusive igneous rocks It experience weathering due to weather, hydrosphere, and biosphere factors afterwards. The weathering results are then dragged by the water until they reach the ocean by rivers and undergo sedimentation, namely deposition which then forms layers of sedimentary rock.This layer of sedimentary rock is then gradually buried deep on the earth's surface and becomes metamorphic rock Next, metamorphic rock deep below the earth's surface is exposed to hot temperatures After being exposed to hot temperatures, it returns to become magma in which the cycle will continue to rotate for a long time.In conclusion, igneous rock is the result of magma freezing that rises to the surface of the earth and forms a vesicular texture, especially for extrusive igneous rocks. The following cycle will continue to rotate, starting from the formation of igneous rocks then turning into sedimentary rocks, metamorphic, then it melt into magma until it returns to reforming igneous rocks and so on.
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What is the relative location of most of Canada’s islands?
Answer:
Near the arctic circle.
star-forming clouds appear dark in visible-light photos because the light of stars behind them is absorbed by dark matter thick hydrogen gas protostars interstellar dust
Star-forming clouds appear dark in visible-light photos because the light of stars behind them is absorbed by interstellar dust.
Interstellar dust is composed of various elemental compounds such as oxygen, carbon, iron, silicon, and magnesium. It is caused by the death of stars, which produce metals during their lifetimes before exploding or blowing off their outer layers. Typical interstellar dust grains are much smaller than the dust we are familiar with on Earth, resembling more closely candle flame soot. Because they are roughly the same size as the wavelength of blue light, they absorb and scatter UV and blue light far more efficiently than red light.
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in the united states, early warning systems have not greatly reduced the amount of damage caused by hurricanes. group of answer choices true false
In the united states, early warning systems have not greatly reduced the amount of damage caused by hurricanes. This statement is True.
What is a hurricane?
A revolving low-pressure weather system known as a tropical cyclone lacks fronts and has organised thunderstorms (a boundary separating two air masses of different densities). Tropical depressions are tropical cyclones with maximum sustained surface winds of less than 39 mph (mph). Tropical storms are defined as having maximum sustained winds of 39 mph or more.
Hurricanes are storms with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher. Based on a hurricane's maximum sustained winds, the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale assigns a hurricane a rating, or category, from 1 to 5. The potential for property damage increases with hurricane category.
The Atlantic basin, which includes the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico, as well as the eastern and, less frequently, the central North Pacific Oceans, is where hurricanes develop. The World Meteorological Organization updates and maintains a list of names that is rotated every six years to identify these storms.
Although hurricanes can and have happened outside of this window, "Hurricane Season" officially runs from June 1 to November 30. The Atlantic basin experiences these powerful storm systems, which average 12 times a year, according to NOAA's National Hurricane Center.
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